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Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 

DELAWARE WATER GAP, PENNSYLVANIA. 
Where Water, Cloud and Mountain Meet. 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER 



AND OTHER TALES. 



WILL BOGERT HUNTER, 










ISSUED BY 

LACKAWANNA RAILROAD 

LINE OF LEGEND, LORE AND BEAUTY- 



THE HENRY O. SHEPARD CO.. 

PRINTERS AND BINDERS, 

212-214 MONROE STREET, CHICAGO. 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 

A STORY OF THE MAKING OF THE JERSEY HIGH- 
LANDS. 




Copyright. 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 

ANY years ago, so many that my age is but 
feebly shown by my heavy progress o'er the 
solid rocks, I came down from the frigid north. 
Even then my age was beyond compute 
and the days of my youth were of the misty 
past. 

Misty, indeed, for I was born of a fleecy 
cloud that was wooed by a cold-hearted king, 
who met her one aeon as she drifted gaily 
through infinite space. She thought to warm his cold heart 
with her brightness and loveliness ; but his was the stronger 
nature, and by slow degrees she, too, grew cold. Then I 
was born, a pure, white, soft, little being who reflected my 
mother's beauty and grace — though, in truth, I was hand- 
somer than she. 

They named me Snow Flake, and as Snow Flake I danced 
merrily through the ethereal blue — but, sad be it to relate — 
always downward. One day my wings failed me and I sank 
upon the cold bosom of my affinity. After the wedding I 
became Ice. Day by day we grew and multiplied until our 
kind and kin o'erspread the earth about us and we reared 
our proud, white heads far into space. We grew mightily 
in strength, too, and smothered in our close embrace giant 
animals that strode with mighty tread over us in our first 
weakness. 

We were greatly attached to our resting-place on the 
quiet earth and thought always to stay there. But our kin 
in the uplands coveted it and they brought strenuous 
pressure on us to give way to them. So one day we began 
to move. 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



lotta's home, 
hopatcong. 



Sad, indeed, was that day of the first unrest, for so com- 
pletely did the moving humor possess us that never from 
that day were we content to remain long in any place. 

In these days I have seen humans ruled by this same 
restless spirit. 

So restless did we become that our very disposition 

changed, and it came to pass that we were called Glaciers. 

It was strange the completeness with which the territorial 

expansion doctrine ruled. From the tender, clinging Snow 

Flake, and the 
contented, home- 
staying wife of the 
Ice King I . had 
grown heartless 
and restless. I 
presume it was 
because of the 
constant change 
of habitation. 

I have seen 
women in these 
days develop from 
light-hearted, win- 
some wives into 
querulous scolds 
from the same cause. The ambition for advancement sup- 
planted every kindly instinct. We existed only to push 
onward. Our might was right, and whatever opposed our 
progress we ruthlessly despoiled or abducted. Great rocks 
we broke easily from the mountain side, and carried away 
prisoners in our icy clasp. Crags that stood more secure 
we surrounded, and our powerful, steady advance carried 
them bodily with us. Great trees, beside which those of 
today are pigmies, we uprooted and held in bondage. The 
thin, loose mantle of dirt with which Mother Earth had 
partially covered her nakedness, we tore from her. 

Behind we left naught save here and there a rocky king 
that our mighty force could not conquer. 

What a force is that of environment ! The giant rocks 
which had lain for aeons in sober tranquillity had never 
dreamed of ill until we possessed them with the spirit of 
motion. Surrounded by us constantly and moved by our 
example they became as ruthless and destructive as our- 




GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



selves. Because of their greater coherence they were valuable 
allies in our advance of destruction. They tore gaping 
wounds in the mountain sides. They gouged out great 
crevices in the plains. They left cruel scars for every 
contact. 

We were a mighty force in our resistless onv\ard sweep. 
We lowered mountain tops and filled valleys. O'er mighty 
streams we threw our icy arms and turned their merry mur- 
murings to the silence of death. We crushed and leveled 
and changed their beds, and later, when our arch enemy, the 
South Wind, freed them of their fetters, they were forced to 
find others. 

For aeons we pressed away from our native land in the 
frigid north. Behind us were ever-increasing forces, pushing 
us irresistibly onward, swarming mightily over all that we 
had conquered. It seemed that our triumphant march must 
continue until the end of time. 



Little did we realize in our proud advance what awaited 
us. So long and so steadily had we moved forward, over- 
coming ever>^ obstacle and conquering every enemy, that we 
thought ourselves invincible. 

As we drew nearer to that land which now is called Jersey 
we occasionally met scouts of our arch enemy the South 
Wind. It became evident that a battle was before us. We 
for the first time began careful observations from the loftiest 
eminences occupied by our forces. 

Before us was a land of traditions. It had fought many 
battles with the waves. Internal troubles at various times 
had rent it. In the early ages of the world it had escaped, 
by the aid of some unseen power, from the bondage 
of the sea. 

Soon the forces called Rivers began their plot- 
ting, and they tore great rents deep and wide in the 
comparatively level plain. Then the flood came in 
again, but it was not able to recapture all that it 
had lost. Again 
the powerful friend 
of the land came 
to its aid and a 
second escape 
from the sea was 
effected. Seven 



CHINCOPEE BRIDGE, 
HOPATCONG. 



'"^1 




^-=!!'?il»^^f 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 



such battles were fought before the sea, driven back in the 
last encounter, gave up the tight. 

As a result of these battles and of the dissensions of 
the River forces, what once had been a level plain with 
the Palisades and the Kittitiny mountains for its borders 
was a region of mountains and valleys and plains. 

This land, as we now viewed it, was of decaying beauty. 
Great trees stood in legions. Btneath were carpets that once 
must have been like the emerald in hue. Now all was 
seared and brown. Once they had been fed by neighboring 
streams, but now these rushing rivers had cut great gorges 

LAKE HOPATCONG. 




Copyritjlit, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 

far below the tree land and the grass land. Once, too, the 
Sun had wooed these rivers ardently, so ardently that their 
spirits had sought to join with his. But theirs was an uphill 
journey, and before it was scarce begun their ardor cooled 
and they dropped again to bring life and happiness and 
brightness to the trees and the flowers. Now the spirits of 
the sweeping streams were deep down where the Sun God 
never strayed and his loves no longer brought gladness to 
the withering plants. 

Among these brown trees, eking out meager existence, 
moved animals which we had not known in the far north 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 



land. Captured spies of the South Wind told us of many 
others whicii they had seen in their long pilgrimages. 
" Biting Beast," showing his enormous long incisors, fought 
with "Fearful Horn," a cruel brute that shook in rage 
three pairs of giant antlers. "Beast of the Uintas " and 
"Avenging Horn" roamed side by side. "Mixed Tooth," 
part hog, part sheep; "Strong Tooth," of ponderous 
bulk; "Thunder Beast," his great head armed with giant 
horns; "Saber Tooth," with fearful, tearing teeth, and 
" Hyaena Tooth," were these denizens of the brown wood. 
It was said, too, that in far countries was a strange animal 




that walked erect and fashioned stone into curious imple- 
ments and he was called "Man." 

In the midst of this prospective battlefield was a great 
lake. Its waves lapped the edges of the mountains. Little 
islands here and there dotted its surface. Some of these 
were mere peaks lifting their slender crests above fathoms 
of water. Where now nestle pretty towns, Montville, Chat- 
ham, Morristown, Millington, the waters of this great lake 
flowed tranquilly. Convent now is built on one of the 
islands. On the shores of the ancient bay rests Morris 
Plains. On a peninsula once lapped by icy waves stands 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



GI.ACIAI. SHORE 
LAKK HOPATCONG. 



Basking Ridge. It was not a tempting spot for our battle 
with tlie South Wind, but we had conquered in rougher 
country to the north, and, conscious of our great strength, 
we went forth in our slow, deliberate way to battle. 

* * v!- 

Steadily and boldly we pushed forward. The scouts of 
the South Wind were met more frequently and in increasing 
numbers. Occasional bodies of skirmishers harassed us 
sadly. The white blood of our slain began to flow, and after 
some encounters it gathered in tiny lakelets or gurgled on 
in little rivulets. Ihough our advance was but slightly 
checked, we began to realize that our previous battles were 
to be as naught compared to this. 

We pressed steadily forward. At night, while the enemy 
slept, we reenforced our fighting line. Each morning we 
presented a solid front. We laughed at the feebleness of the 
South Wind. We strove to think that we were all-powerful. 
As the days passed we advanced with greater difficulty. 
Our losses increased steadily. We began to fear for our 

position, and to 
make it more se- 
cure we dug deeper 
into the earth and 
threw up ahead of 
us mighty breast- 
works of rocks and 
stones. Each day 
the fight grew fierc- 
er. The South 
Wind threw its 
lances against us in 
solid masses during 
all the hours of light. Our front was bruised 
and battered. The life-blood of our slain 
flowed in rivers. We were sorely pressed 
by a single foe, and now the Sun, too, was 
giving evidence of joining with the South Wmd. This 
probable alliance troubled us. 

Still we pushed on not disheartened. Had we not 
unnumbered legions ever coming down from the north ! 
Were we not making steady progress ! Had we e'er lost 
in battle ! We had advanced so that our center rested at 
the edge of one of the prettiest lakes in all the world which 





GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



we builded as one of our monuments. 
Red men in later years called it, because 
of its purity, Hopatcong. We had en- 
countered Lake Passaic and dwarfed it. 
Its compressed waters, striving to escape, 
had cut great gashes in the solid rock. 
Our left had advanced to the sea, where 
a mighty river, since called Raritan, 
emptied a torrent. Other legions had 
pushed on down a valley in which flowed 
a mighty river that was wearing a great 
gap in a mountain range to escape to 
the sea. Not far below this place, since 
called Water Gap of the Delaware, rested 
the van of our right. Our front, therefore, was nearly a per- 
fect semi-circle. 

Beyond this line we never advanced far. Each day's 
battle was fiercer than that preceding. The powerful Sun 
brought all his forces to the aid of the South Wind. He 
hurled unseen missiles that tore through our phalanxes, 
rending them from top to bottom. On the flanks of these 
dismembered legions the South Wind descended pitilessly. 
We were harassed also from beneath. Our white blood 
flowed in torrents from our giant wounds and the raging 
streams tore through the great bulwarks of earth we had 
builded. Great bowlders from these fortifications were car- 
ried away into the enemy's country. Smaller rocks were 
borne forth in almost solid streams. 

We could no longer bring down in the night time sufficient 
of our forces to replace the fallen. We were unable to repair 
our shattered breastworks. We could not even creep up 
close to their sheltering walls as before. 

To add to our misfortune the great weight of the forces 
we had raised seemed to have tilted the earth downward to 
the north, and the reinforcements came with less haste. One 
day these reserxes began a retreat. It was evident that we 
of the van were to be deserted. Still the South Wind and 
the Sun pelted us each day more fiercely than before. 

There was for us no alternative. We began the retreat. 
Our backward movement was much more rapid, for our 
enemy was growing stronger. It seemed that we were to be 
annihilated. 

We determined to make one more stand. Back to our 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



aid came the reserves, and once again the tide of battle 
changed. We held our ground. Again we moved forward 

'Twas the- saiiK' story as of old— the steady advance 
against odds that mowed us down; the building of fortifi- 
cations, only to liave them torn and rent by the blood of our 
slain — and again the retreat. 

Our second advance never reached the old firing line ; 
the second retreat went on through centuries. 



OLD LAKK PASSAIC 
OUTLET. 




It was during the second desperate battle that I met my 
fate. 1 was in the very van, leading on that forlorn hope. 

About me our 
forces were melt- 
ing away under 
the fierce on- 
slaught of the 
vSouth Wind and 
the Sun. Their 
forces poured in 
upon us legion 
upon legion. They 
cut and slashed 
w i t h invisible 
weapons upon our 
front and upon 
each wing of our 
line. I was leading on in that awful strife, striving only to 
advance, thinking never to retreat. Before I realized it the 
enemy had surrounded me and my retreat- was cut off. 

Proud in my great strength I deigned not to retreat. 1 
moved defiantly forward, though surrounded constantly by 
the foe. Sadly did the enemy harass me. Each day they 
attacked me from all sides, their fierce darts ever wearing 
me away. I felt myself growing weaker. I knew tiiat the 
persistent attacks of the foe must some day encompass my 
destruction. 

Still I progressed with stateliness and dignity. Only once 
did T deign to show to my foes the desperate strait I was 
in. That day I had been driven to the edge of a steep 
declixity on the edge of Lake Passaic. Thinking to escape 
the pitiless attacks of those about me I took a sudden start 
toward the deep waters. 

Oh, the exhilaration of that swift race from the enemy ! 



GHOST OF THE GLACIER. 



I regained all my old strength. My desperate situation 
added power to what I had known in my most puissant 
days. I plunged forward like the rush of a meteor. I 
crushed all before me. I dashed from my glistening sides 
great clouds of debris. I knew for the first time the joys of 
rapid, destructive motion. On, on, on I dashed like the 
whirlwind. With a wild plunge that threw above me great 
clouds of spray I sank beneath the waters of the lake. 

Here my plight was even more pitiful. The waters in 
which I had thought to find retreat lifted my head into the 
enemy's country, and again I was subjected to the scorch- 
ing, invisible fire. And while the Wind and the Sun 
showed me no pity, the waters beat upon me and sapped 
my strength. 

To this uneven struggle there could be but one end. One 
day, a tiny bit of glistening ice, I sank into the blue waters 
and cast my lot w-ith them. 

Years afterward, as I glistened alone on the rocks, a ray 
of Sunshine kissed my trembling lips, and my love carried 
me, a vapory cloud, toward the blue heavens. 

I became the Ghost of the Glacier. 



I took for my home a great peak rising from the edge of 
that lake now called Hopatcong, and from that eminence I 
watched through many centuries. 

I saw the remaining forces of my old brethren, the Gla- 
ciers, pushed further and further into the northland. Their 
old fortifications could be discerned on every hand. In 
some places, where 
these had been 
thrown across val- 
leys, they had im- 
prisoned the spark- 
ling waters, and 
beautiful lakes 
we re formed. 
Such a one was 
that which danced 
merrily at the foot 
of the peak which 
made my home. 
In other places the 
waters had worn 



LAKE LEFT 
BV THE GLACIER. 




GHOST OF THE GLACIER, 



SINCE MAN CAME 
TO HOPATCONG. 



channels through the fortifications, and were leaping in 
sparkling torrents to the plain below. 

When the Glacier had long been driven far into the 
northland a great change became apparent. Over the 
mountains and the plains a soft carpet of green was spread, 
more beautiful far than I ever had seen before. Trees, 
smaller but prettier than the old, and flowers and ferns and 
mosses, took their being. These the winds wooed and the 
Sun kissed and the dewdrops lost their hearts to them, and 
they grew fairer day by day. 

Strange animals found their way hither from the south- 
land, smaller, daintier, more graceful than the old. 

Then came one day that animal that walks erect and which 
is called Man. Red was his skin, and lithe and strong his 
step. About our pretty paradise he builded tradition 
strange and fanciful. 

Then came the stronger Man, the pale face whose won- 
derful ways threw a gloom over the Red brother and drove 
him far away. These pale faces I watched for years, saw 
them build rude houses by the shores of the tiny lakes and 
upon the sides of the mountains ; saw these old houses 
dwarfed by greater as the tribes increased ; saw happy 
crowds come from the great cities to live for a time in the 
beauty and exhilaration of the little paradise over which I 
presided. As I watch these crowds grow greater. Some 
are on pleasure bent, some covet quiet homes among the 
mountains, some seek, not in vain, renewal of the life that 
is sapped in the fires of the city. 

At times I am visible for an instant to these present deni- 
zens of my paradise. Just at dusk a tiny cloud sometimes 
rises from my mountain top, and men see and wonder. The 
wise tell that once upon a time an Indian, one of the last of 
his race, was killed here in a mighty struggle with a bear. 
Bruin was his totem, and the Great Spirit rules that whoso- 
ever among his red 
children shall slay 
that animal which 
is his totem, never 
shall enter the hap- 
py hunting ground. 
So Quaquahela, 
the unfortunate red 
man, erected his 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



spirit wigwam on his last battleground, promising the rem- 
nant of his clan to accompany their expeditions, and that 
when he returned to his teepee they would know it by the 
rising smoke from his camp tire. He told them 
also that whenever they gave him a friendly call 
he would answer. 

To this day, in damp or wet weather, a 




Copyright, 1900, 



jgraphic Co 



thin vapor rises from the mountain, and if a shout be given 
an answer rolls back. 

Men say it is the camp fire and the cry of Quaquahela. 

It is the form and voice of the Ghost of the Glacier. 

HOPATCONG-^^LAKE GEORGE OF NEW JERSEY/^ 

Nestled amid the highlands of New Jersey, reflecting the 
thousand beauties of the surrounding mountains, a diamond 
in the sunlight, an emerald in the shadow of the shores, a 
turquoise mirroring the sky, lies Lake Hopatcong. 

To gaze upon waters far less entrancing, to view shores 
less rugged and broken, to wander over mountains not 
approaching these in wild, picturesque beauty, Americans 
every year brave the dangers of the deep, leaving behind 
thousands to dream of the storied, song-sung lakes of the 
continent. Each year from the great cities and towns and 
villages of the teeming east travels northward a throng that 
seeks the lakes "of the mountains." Lake George, the 
favored sailing ground of the eastern hills, lies three hundred 
odd feet above the level of the sea. Lake Hopatcong, the 
highest navigable lake within three hundred and fifty miles 
of New York — so like the other that it has been named 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



SWARTSWOOD l-AKR, 
NKW JERSEY. 



"Lake George of New Jersey" — lies nearly one thousand 
feet above the line against which the billows of the Atlantic 
break in endless harmony. Mountain breezes, sweet with 
the fragrance of the pines, laden with life, blow and woo and 
sigh in the woodlands and ripple its quiet waters. Surround- 
ing peaks lift verdure-clad heads more than a thousand feet 
into a summer sky that seems always to smile. 

About none of the lakes of the continent or of the world 
that is called New is there more of history, more of romance, 
more of song. Created by the great Glacier, its rugged 
shores tell to the student the story of the formation of the 
world. Here the red man builded his home before the 
India-seeking ships of Spain turned westward from Palos. 
He it was who gave to it its musical name and who chris- 
tened the mountains and the valleys and the singing streams. 
Within an hour's journey, in mountain fastnesses just like 
these, the tattered remnant of the army of freedom beat back 
the red-coats of England. Among these same hills iron 
was first made in the New World to be hurled from Ameri- 
can guns against the hosts of Britain. Its waters feed one of 
the first of America's artificial highways of trade and travel, 
an old canal along which still moves a lazy commerce. 
Forty-two miles away is the great, throbbing city of New 
York. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

HOPATCONG STATION, NEW JERSEY. 

Along the old feeder of the canal is- one of the favorite 
ways of reaching the lake from the railroad station of Hopat- 
cong, probably the most unique depot in existence, for its plat- 
form serves the extremes of travel — the up-to-date railroad 
express and the slow-moving canal boat. Stepping from the 
train the traveler crosses this twenty-foot platform to a tiny 
steamer, which, after much ado, saucily pokes her nose 
toward the deeper middle water of the canal. A half mile 

of the broad 
waterway and 
the diminu- 
tive vessel 
sails under a 
tow-path 
bridge into 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



the narrow feeder, an avenue of trees and flowers and fra- 
grance. Then comes a lock, in which the little boat is 
imprisoned between walls of great gray stone rising sixteen 
feet on either side. The gate behind closed and all sight 
of the world except a tiny square of sky shut out, there 
comes a great rush of tumbling water into the narrow 
prison and the launch rises gracefully until the low deck 
commands again a view of the beauty about it. The next 
few turns of the propeller bring it into the waters of Lake 
Hopatcong and it starts in earnest for the various summer old. old 
resorts and private 
homes about the 
lake. 

If a larger boat 
b e w anted the 
traveler, landing 
from the train, 
may cross a 
bridge over the 
canal to a near-by 
pier where a little 
steamer floats 
gracefully at her 
dock on an arm 
of the lake. Once 

fairly under way copyright, 1900, Detroit Pliotograpliic Co. 

this little boat will take her passenger along the narrow bay to 
the broader expanse beyond, and the chances are that this 
boat will meet the other just as the gurgling lock coughs 
it out. 

Once fairly established in any of the numerous fine 
hotels, comfortable country houses or white tents of the 
camping grounds there are before our tra\eler days and 
weeks of delightful explorations by boat, by horse and on 
foot. He will have sailed many days over the sparkling 
waters before he has exhausted all the points of interest — 
and after all have been visited he will wish to go back and 
see them the second and the third time and many more. 

Halsey Island, the site of an Indian village of days gone 
by, perchance will reveal to him one of the old hearth- 
stones ; it may be that the ancient burying ground will give 
up to him a relic of a red man's grave. He will hear how 
Brandt, the Mohawk, came down from the north and induced 



STORY ON 
D CANAL. 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



the peace-loving Naritcongs to join with the Britisli in the 
massacre of the Minnisink. 

At Sharp's Rock, which hfts its bald head far above the 
silvery waters, he will hear the story of Tempe Wick, a bold 
and fearless horsewoman who lo\ed lier steed better than 
her life^ While Washington was encamped with his army 
for the winter at Morristown, Tempe journeyed one day 
close to the lines and her prancing charger caught the eye of 
an envious dragoon, who immediately gave chase. None 
could ride like Tempe, none knew the country as well. She 
reached her home on Sharp's Rock far in advance of her 
pursuers and led the treasured horse to an up-stairs bedroom, 
where it remained for many days. 

Bonaparte's Landing will become the text of the story of 
how Jerome Bonaparte, brother of the idol of France, once 
visited this lake and became enamored of its beauty. 
The narrator, too, hardly will fail to rehearse how Bonaparte 
left a tavern at Budd's Lake, a few miles away, in a terrible 



WHKRE 
KXTRKMES OF 
COMMERCE MEET. 




rage because the landlord displayed 
upon the inn wall a caricature of 
Bonaparte's illustrious brother. 
,. I Over in Chincopee Cove he may not fail 

to hear of the old Naritcong Indian of that 
name, the last of his race, driven from his camp fire by ter- 
rible whites who feared the aged savage might go upon the 
warpath. Old Chincopee is one of the many heroes of the 
bear and wraith-of-smoke' story. Quaquahela was another. 
Our traveler will have named to him one or the other accord- 
ing to the locality in which he wanders. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



River Styx will be days in revealing all its mysteries. 
Deep, gloomy, somber" are the shadows there. Mountains 
frown down from every side. Great trees, overhanging the 
banks, shut out the sunlight. Long grasses rise like ser- 
pents at the stern of the boat, trail along with sinuous move- 
ment and sink into the black depths. The dismal cry of the 
loon echoes and reechoes. Herons soberly watch the 
intruding visitor. Perhaps the old hermit lazily may inspect 
the oarsman's progress up the tree-filled river. 

In Bryam Cove and in Henderson Cove the rocky shores 
will tower hundreds of feet above his tiny boat. At Nolan's 
Point, "Little Coney Island" it is called, he will find on a 
summer evening the wherewithal for much jollity, and at 
Silver Spring Park, the Lackawanna's picnic grounds, when 
the train has discharged a throng of pleasure-seekers, he 
may watch city folk at play to his heart's delight. 

He may sail about Bertram Island, and to Three Sisters 
Islands to climb the Devil's Staircase leading to an old 
Indian trail, which, followed, will bring him to Bear Pond 
and Cupid Cascades and Bishop's Falls. In the southern 
extremity of the lake he will find Floating Island, the flower- 
covered acres of which always rest just one foot above water 
whatever its stage. Raccoon Island will reveal to hirr plit 
Rock and Henderson's Rock and beautiful Chincupee 
Bridge. 

When the lake has given up its treasures of interest there 
remain long and magnificent drives through a mountainous 
country redolent with the breath of the pines, fragrant with 
the riches of hundreds of thousands of flowers. To Dover, 
a hustling manufacturing town ; to Schooley's Mountain, 
one of the favorite summer resorts of the East and one of 
the oldest ; to Morristown, where the headquarters of Wash- 
ington are located ; to Succasunna, where iron was discov- 
ered ; to Port Morris, a divisional point on the Lackawanna 
where more coal than ever was dreamed of may be seen ; to 
Stanhope, where Lake Musconetcong lies tranquilly and 
peacefully in the sunlight; to Budd's Lake, a dainty emerald 
in a gorgeous setting; to Lake Denmark, to Green Lake and 
to Sparta, to which a famous brand of applejack has given 
fame, these delightful drives will lead him. 

Afoot he may clamber among wilds as picturesque as 
nature creates anywhere, for on these mountains the hand of 
the defamer has rested lightly. Square mile after square 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



CRANBERRY LAKIC 
NEW JKRS1':V. 



mile lies just as the Great Master planned it, and the pleasure- 
seeker nia}- become also a discoverer. 

During the summer months he will have become a fisher- 
man, throwing the dainty fly or the luring bait into quiet 
spots for bass that are said to be the gamiest in all the 
eastern country. In the Musconetcong and other mountain 
streams he will angle for spotted trout. River Styx will 
yield to him the long, shiny pickerel. Perch will come to 
his hook from his boat landing. When the fall arrives he 
will linger for a try in the woodlands at grouse and wood- 

c o c k and 
quail, or per- 
chance a 
squirrel or a 
fox. 

Be he an 
epicure desir- 
i n g all the 
luxuries of 
modern hotel 
life ; a lover 
of a country 
table and an 
old-fashioned 

chamber ; a dreamer of the rougher delights of camping ; 
modest in his demands or extravagant ; lavish in purse or 
with but a humble supply of the coin of the realm, he may 
find what he wants. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MOUNT ARLINGTON, NEW JERSEY. 

Mount Arlington is another gateway to Lake Hopatcong. 
The traveler who takes this route gets only an occasional 
glimpse of the charming lake until a drive of about a mile 
over one of the most beautiful roads in all the east has 
brought him to the edge of the cliffs overlooking the spark- 
ling water. Carriages from the big hotels about the lake 
await the traveler at the station. Before the express train 
has fairly started again the easy vehicles are on their way, 
winding in and out among the hills, crossing rustic bridges 
that span glens filled with ferns and flowers and mosses, 
always through an avenue of trees that interlace their 




LACKA WANNA J^ESOI^TS. 



branches above. The mountain air is fresh and invigo- 
rating, the beauty quiet and restful. The traveler usually 
steps from the carriage with a sigh of regret but with an 
inward promise again to travel this delightful highway. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and co:rplete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

DOVER, NEW JERSEY. 

The original name of this place was Old Tye. As early 
as 1722 John Jackson built a forge here. Moses Hurd, of 
Dover, New Hampshire, came to engage in the employ 
of Mr. Jackson. To Hurd is assigned the credit of the 
name Dover. In 1826 it was incorporated as a \illage, in 
1S69 as a town, and in the spring of 1896 as a city. It has a 
population of 6,000. It is a city of homes, an industrial 
center, a summer resort, a health emporium, and has possi- 
bilities commensurate with the demands and growth of all 
coming time. It is in the Central Highlands of the state, 
and occupies the highest altitude of any city in New Jersey. 
It is in the vicinity of many noted summer resorts. In the 
region adjacent are some of the finest drives to be found 
.anywhere. Its pure air, choice spring water, and its varied 
natural conditions contribute to make it a \ery healthy place 
for residence and business purposes. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

PATERSON, NEW JERSEY. 

Paterson is one of the greatest manufacturing centers in 
America. Its chief natural attraction is Passaic Falls. 
Where the waters today break over the cliff for their 
fall of seventy feet into a narrow chasm the waters of extiwct 
Lake Passaic fell during the years immediately following the 
retreat of the Glacier. Through this narrow channel Lake 

Passaic was 
drained, 
yielding one 
of the most 
fertile and 
picturesque 
portions of 
New Jersey. 
Except dur- 





LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 



PASSAIC FALLS, 
PATERSON. 



ing high water the fall now has lost much of its former beauty. 
Commerce has claimed it. It has been bridled in the aid 
of vast establishments which make Paterson one of the lead- 
ing manufacturing cities of the world. Yet the water which 
pours over the artificial barriers erected at the edge of the 
precipice forms one of the most beautiful falls in the world. 
It is a fall below the surface of the earth. The chasm into 
which it pours is but a stone-throw across. 

Paterson was the scene of the first cotton mill in America, 
Alexander Hamilton fathering an industry which made cloth 




and prints there in 1791. The water-power, which is the 
finest in the world, attracted the industry. The mill was a 
failure. It was too far in advance of the times. Silk was 
made there sixty-five years ago. Today Paterson is one of 
the leading producers of silks in the world. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BOONTON, NEW JERSEY.' 

Boonton is one of the most picturesque and interesting 
towns in all New Jersey. Its altitude and the surrounding 
pines make it one of the most healthful. From its hills may 
be seen the magnificent and rich Passaic valley for almost its 
entire length. Rockaway River and the deep, stony glen 
through which it flows are sources of constant delight to the 
lover of nature. Waterfalls of rare beauty, riffles, rapids 
and musical rills are met at every hand. Rocky gorges and 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



high hills covered with fragrant pine offer a wide field for 
exploration. Busy mills, fed by torrents rushing from old 
Morris canal add a new interest. 

The canal itself presents a picture that in a few years must 
vanish. It is the picture of the first cable railroad. Up a 
long steel-bound incline connecting the canal at the top of 
the hill with the canal at the foot runs the giant cradle in 
which the unwieldy canal-boat is fastened for a short journey 
by rail. Power is transmitted from a wheel which was 
erected before the steam railroad ever existed e\en as a 
dream. Above and below on the canal are other planes 
up and down which canal-boats ride on cars. 

Down the valley about one mile is 
all that remains of Old Boonton 
where the first iron produced in 
America was molded into cannon 
balls and transported on the backs of 
mules to Washington's army. A 
paper mill, moss-covered and pictur- 
esque, occupies the site of the old 
forge. It and a few quaint houses are 
all that remain of Old Boonton. Its 
history will exist forever. 

Boonton is a modern city in every 
respect and the summer home of some of the wealthiest 
families of New York and the surrounding cities. It is a 
favorite resort of the tourist on account of its proximity to 
the metropolis, as well as because of its own numerous 
attractions. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

HACKETTSTOWN, NEW JERSEY — GATEWAY 
TO SCHOOLEY^S MOUNTAIN, 

Hackettstown, itself a beautiful town cradled among the 
Pohatcong Mountains, is the favorite gateway to Schooley's 
Mountain. 

Schooley's Mountain carries the geologist back over 
many centuries, and, in a way, represents the general 
elevation of northern New Jersey prior to the advent of the 
glacier. Before the coming of the ice northern New Jersey 
once had a general elevation of about twelve hundred feet 
above the level of the sea. Schooley's Mountain was stip 



BOONTON FALLS. 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



posed to have been a slight elevation over what was then 
nearly a plain. The erosive action of tiie rivers already had 
cut deep gorges in the comparatively level plain, the effect 
on Schooley's Mountain having been very slight becausfe of 
the harder quality of its rock. When the ice came down it 
gouged deeper the existing valleys and wore down the 
softer rock. It is supposed that the top was worn off 
Schooley's Mountain in this way. 

At any rate Schooley's Mountain is a comparatively level 
plateau some twelve hundred feet above the level of the sea. 
Here are ricli farm lands and magnificent scenery of every 
description. Views from this high plateau overlooking 
Musconetcong Valley to the north and the German Valley to 
the south are not excelled in beauty in the United States. 

Across this plateau leads one of the oldest and most his- 
torical roads in the country. By its side is the famous Chaly- 
beate spring, famed the world over for its medicinal qual- 
ities. This the Indians discovered long before the advent of 
the white man and the road over which the pleasure-seeker 
travels today was the original path of the red man in search 
of health. Teedyuscung, the renowned king of the Lenni 
Lenape, is said to have always kept his camp fires burning 
within three miles of it. 

There was a hotel at this old spring in 1795 and there it 
stands today, a part of the grounds of a magnificent summer 
resort. Its rooms are filled with old mirrors and furniture 
wnth which the hotels of a century ago were furnished. 

This old road later became a regular post route, and in 
1809 Uncle Sam's men traversed it with great regularity. 

The whole district of Schooley's Mountain is one of inter- 
est and beauty. One of the most picturesque spots is at the 
Cararact. Here there is an almost sudden descent of about 
one hundred feet from the plateau into a rock-clothed valley, 
down which runs a beautiful mountain brook, leaping from 
bowlder to bowlder, sending its white spray in showers, rush- 
ing through crevices, brushing up against the trunks of 
fallen trees and finally hurrying away down the valley of the 
Musconetcong. Near the top of the waterfall is a large flat 
rock, from which is a view down the valley for miles. 
Another picturesque waterfall is Stryker's Falls. Prospect 
Hill is reached by a journey through a picturesque raxine and 
a climb up a steep hill. The view here is to the Blue Ridge 
Mount.'iins in the distance. Delaware Water Gap may be 



LACKAWANNA I^ESORTS. 



seen on a clear day from the higher eminences. Budd's 
Lake is within easy driving distance. Fine views may be 
had from Eagle's Nest, Bald Mountain and Drake Hill. 
One of the finest is from Eagle Rock, reached by clamber- 
ing up a steep path overgrown with brush. The view is well 
worth the trouble. The vistas up and down the Musconet- 
cong Valley are superb. The tortuous path of the river 
may be traced by the trees which line its banks for miles. 
Here and there a glint of sunshine falling upon the waters 
marks clearer its course. Rich pasture lands and fields of 
green impart a velvety softness to the opposite hills whose 
natural beauty is broken by the red and white of farmhouses 
and granaries. A series of mountain ranges beyond fade 
away from dark green to delicate tints of blue which finally 
lose themselves in the hazy distance. 

This district is the summer home of many of the wealth- 
iest of New York, some of whom have journeyed there for 
nearly half a century. Fine hotels with every modern 
appurtenance are scattered over the plateau, though not in 
sufficient number to have robbed the district of its wild, 
picturesque mountain character. Drives are magnificent. 
Because of its altitude and its peculiar location, standing as 
it does like a grim sentinel, the air is delightfully cool and 
bracing, even when the temperature in the valleys is oppres- 
sive. A stage ride from Hackettstown, after the swift ride 
on the train, is refreshing and delightful. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

STANHOPE^ NEW JERSEY. 

This little village has a double interest to the tourist and 
summer resorter. It not only has a charm peculiar to itself, 
but is also the gateway to Budd's Lake, from which stages run 
over a picturesque mountain road through the forests, a dis- 
tance of about two and one-half miles. Stanhope is in 
reality a combination of two villages, for that portion lying 

on one side of 

the railroad is 
called Net- 
cong. Here is 
a pretty little 
sheet of wa- 
ter. L a k f 



Bt'On S LAKE, 
NHW JERSEY. 



".v%^?^ 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



Musconetcong by name, surrounded by forest land and pic- 
turesque shores, upon which are seen many fine summer 
homes. The lake is well stocked with fish, which also run 
up Musconetcong River to Lake Hopatcong, and offers con- 
siderable interest to the angler. 

Budd's Lake lies a short distance from Stanhope station. 
It is a charming body of water, about five miles in circum- 
ference, lying like a mirror among the hills which give a 
charm to any country, and which add so materially to the 
attractions of north New Jersey. They are the natural res- 
ervoirs of the surrounding mountains, in the very heart of 
the mineral region, and while easily accessible are far enough 
away to give the greatest possible change of air, and as 
much of the rugged wildness of nature as can be found 
within a thousand miles. All the lakes of importance in the 
state are in Morris and Sussex counties. Budd's Lake is in 
Morris, Mount Olive township, in a direct line between 
Schooley's Mountain and Lake Hopatcong. It has an eleva- 
tion of over one thousand feet above the sea, and in its sur- 
roundings it resembles the Scotch lakes rather than the 
English. The water of the lake is of crystal purity and con- 
tains an abundance of fish. It has been frequented since 17 15. 
It was called by the Indians Habacawanning. Col. John 
Budd became the proprietor after the Revolution, and built 
the first hotel, making other improvements which naturally 
transferred his name to the locality. An equally enterprising 
descendant of the colonel gives us the following story : 
" During his time (Colonel Budd) Joseph Buona- 
parte, ex-King of Spain, made him a visit, and was 
so impressed with the local beauty of the place that 
he proposed buying property and building a resi- 
dence, but, unfortunately, he saw a caricature of the 
great Napoleon, representing him on horseback, a 
Russian bear holding the bridle in his mouth. This 
aroused his ire, an altercation ensued, the ex-king 
threw the picture at the colonel's head, and called 
him a traitor. The colonel retorted, calling Buona- 
parte a coward for deserting his brother in time of 
need. Neither party being armed no blood was 
shed, and the affair ended by the Frenchman being 
turned out of doors." 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
intormation, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES 
OF GRANDEUR. 



WATERLOO THE KEY. 




USSEX and W^arren counties, New Jersey, 
comprising 899.96 square miles of territory, 
contain more natural beauty than usually is 
given to half a dozen states. Within their 
bounds they jointly harbor just an even half- 
hundred lakes, from the glimmering surface 
of which is reflected the beauty of surrounding 
mountains and woodlands. Together they 
have over 300,000 acres of virgin forest, top- 
ping mountain ranges with an average eleva- 
tion of more than a thousand feet. Nearly 6,000 acres — to 
be exact, 5,817 — of lakes dot these wooded uplands. If 
Lake Hopatcong be included, and part of it does lie within 
the bounds of Sussex county, the water area is increased to 
8,260 acres, more than seven times that of any other inland 
county of New Jersey. In Sussex county alone lie forty of 
these charming bodies of water. Lake Hopatcong, the 
largest lake within the boundaries of the state, has for sis- 
ters within this district the third, fourth and fifth largest. 

Statistics often are interesting. Those of Sussex county 
are startling. In 1790 that country now embodied in the 
county had a population of 19,500 people. Of the counties 
as now laid out within the state it was the second in popula- 
tion. In 1895 its people numbered 22,586, just 3,086 more 
than in 1790, one hundred and five years previous. In 1885 its 
population was 22,534, just fifty-two greater than ninety- 
five years before. In 1820 it reached the flood-tide of its 
existence as a permanent home — it had 32,752 inhabitants. 
The explanation has a present-day application. 
Sussex county is a region of virgin forest and mountain 
ranges. 



NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 



SILVKR LAKK. 
NliW JKRSUY. 



as the Creator planted them. Its 201,855 acres of cleared 
uplands are the most fertile in the world. Their richness led 
to them oxer nineteen thousand settlers in 1790. Agricul- 
ture is the pursuit of the valley and the arable acres long 
since were under cultixation. Sussex county, under the 
very laws of nature, must remain two-thirds wilderness. Yet 
this very characteristic will be its salvation. It will become 
a great summer resort. Palatial homes and modest cot- 
tages will dot 
the shores of 
the forty lakes 
and cluster 
upon the 
sides of the 
glorious 
mountains. 
Its population 
will grow a 
thousandfold. 
Already 
this summer 
population 
exceeds the 
permanent. Seekers of summer homes in the mountains, 
where lakes and highland streams abound, where the forests 
of pine and hemlock stretch away for miles, have spied it 
out. Each summer sees the population increased. The 
wilderness rapidly is being transformed. 

Warren county does not offer the same study, though its 
statistics are not without interest. Its population has almost 
exactly doubled within the last sixty-five years. Not a start- 
ling showing for the very heart of the teeming east ! The 
conditions have been practically the same. It has 231,769 
acres, of which 60,205 are virgin forest. It has 1,607 acres 
of living water. It has mountains as rugged, many higher, 
than its sister county to the north. Its summer population, 
also, is increased many times. 

Through this section runs the ranges of the Kittatinny 
Mountains, with their double crest, of which the easternmost 
is much the higher. The eastern slope, too, the one in which 
we are interested most, is much the steeper. The lower limit 
of the mountain on its eastern side is 900 to 1,000 feet above 
the level of the sea, and has a nearly constant altitude. 




NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR, 



Above this level the crest of the range rises by a slope so 
steep as to make ascent difficult and in many places impos- 
sible, to a height which, on an average, is about i,6oo feel 
above the sea. Its highest point, between one and two 
miles south of the state line, has an elevation of a little 
more than i,8oo feet. 

In the range there are occasional passes, one of the most 
noticeable of which is Culver's Gap. This is a wind gap, 
that is, one through which no water flows, though it was 
originally cut by the action of a turbulent river. Culver's 
Gap is four miles northwest of Branchville. The roadway 
through it is 915 feet above the level of the sea. The next 
most considerable interruption in the crest of the range is 
at Catfish Pond, a few miles farther south, and four miles 
northwest of Blairstown. The roadway at this point is 
nearly 300 feet higher than that of Culver's. 

Immediately east of the high Kittatinny range lies the 
broad, trough-like Kittatinny X'alley, its eastern boundary 
formed by the W'awayanda, Hamburg, Pimple, Sparta, 
Alamuche, Pohatcong and Scott's mountains. These peaks 
vary in height from 1,000 to 1,400 feet. The valley ranges 
from ten to thirteen miles in width, and extends to the 
Delaware River, forty miles away to the southwest. 

Within the Kittatinny Valley thus outlined are two notable 
elevations. These are Pochuck Mountain in its northern 
portion, 1,100 to 1,200 feet high, and the Jenny Jump and 
Mohepinoke mountains on the south, more than r,ioo feet 
high. The great Kittatinny Valley, therefore, is a broad 
depression about 600 feet below its lateral boundaries, with 
a notable massive elevation in either end. 

Even apart from Pochuck, Jenny Jump and Mohepinoke 
mountains the bottom of the valley is by no means flat. 
It does not correspond to the conventional idea of a river 
valley. Through it flow several streams separated by 
divides, which, though they seem low in this mountain 
region, are 
much higher 
than the di- 
V i d e s be- 
tween the 
streams in 
some other 
parts of the 



CULVER'S LAKE, 
NEW JERSEY. 




NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 



state. Within the main Kittatinny Valley there are two 
principal sub-valleys, parallel. Tributaries to these have 
been developed to such an extent that the floor of the 
great trough has been thoroughly dissected into a series of 
hills and valleys. The sub-valleys in the bottom of the great 
valley lie two hundred to three hundred feet below the 
divides which separate them, and the divides have an alti- 
tude of from seven hundred to nine hundred feet. 

To figures again appeal may be made to give an idea of 
this summer paradise. Those which follow show the area of 
each of the lakes, the territory which it drains and its altitude 
above the level of the sea : 

SUSSEX COUNTY. 

Lake. Area. Drainage. Altitude, 
Acres. Square Miles. Feet. 

Bear 38 -S^ 977 

Buckmire 10 .75 

Catfish 14 40 '440 

Cranberry i54 302 771 

Culver's 4S6 6.30 848 

Davis 14 -5' 581 

Decker 76 .38 806 

Franklin Furnace 55 3130 53° 

HewiU's 35 5i5 573 

Hopewell Furnace 24 i.oi 1,060 

Howell's 26 .21 579 

Hunt's 37 2.12 675 

Iliff 36 338 577 

Lane 67 1.15 

Little 100 3. II 

Long (near Culver's Gap) 299 2.50 861 

Long (near Andover) 117 4-76 576 

Long (near Kittatinny Mountain) 13 .46 

Losee i37 

Marcia 23 .14 1,570 

Mashipacoiig 46 -77 1,124 

Morris 136 i-50 929 

Mud 28 .36 1,244 

Panther 41 -47 766 

Quick 43 -50 943 

Roe 23 

Round 33 29 i,359 

Rutherford • 65 .65 1,300 

Sand 32 .48 1.244 

Stagg 23 .30 820 

Stanhope f 339 4 -90 859 

Stickle 35 .87 587 

Sucker 95 i-i5 9" 

Swartswood 5^5 16. 30 480 

Turtle 13 10 573 



NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 



Drainage. 


Altitude. 


Square Miles. 


Feet. 


6.50 


1,118 




572 




575 


3-36 


743 


1.80 


775 


.65 


1.179 


L.25 


3S1 


.28 


569 


5-15 


399 


.69 


973 


.64 


433 


3-37 


419 


•31 


1.375 


.67 


449 



Lake. Area. 

Acres. 

Waterloo 68 

Wa\va> anda 240 

White 17 

White's II 

Wright's 31 

WARREN COUNTY. 

Allamuchy 56 

Catfish 31 

Cedar 27 

Glover 13 

Green 117 

Sand 14 

Shuster 14 

Silver 35 

Sunfish 41 

White 67 

An idea of the general altitude, in addition to that given 
by the table showing the elevation of the lakes, is shown in 
the following table : 

SUSSEX COUNTY. Altitude. 

Locality. Feet. 

Allamuchy Mountain 1,248 

Summit of road in Culver's Gap 915 

Hamburgh Mountains 1,496 

High Point, Kittatinny Mountains. ... 1,804 

Lake Marcia, near High Point 1.570 

Pimple Hills 1,088 

Pochuck Mountain i ,176 

Sparta Mountain 1,406 

Wawayanda Mountain i ,496 

WARREN COUNTY. 

Bald Pate 1,192 

Kittatiny Mountain i ,635 

Jenny Jump Mountain 1,141 

Montana Mountain 1,240 

Mount Mohepinonke i ,140 

Mount No More i ,145 

Pohatcong Mountain 898 

Scott's Mountain i ,277 

To all of this country Waterloo, itself only a hamlet, is 
the key. From this point the Lackawanna Railroad extends 
through Warren county to Manunka Chunk on the Delaware 
River with a branch running from Washington to Phillipsburg 
and Easton. Oxford Furnace. Hackettstown, Washington, 
Blairstown and Bridgeville on the main line, and Change- 
water, New Hampton, Broadway and Stewartville on the 



NINE HUNDRED SQUARE MILES OF GRANDEUR. 



PhilHpsbiirg branch, each a delightful spot in itself, are gate- 
ways to the beauties of Warren county. 

From Waterloo, running to the north and penetrating 
the very heart of the mountains; following the Kittatinny 
Valley, is another branch of the Lackawanna, known as the 
Sussex Railroad. Andover, Newton, Branchville, Augusta, 
Lafayette and Franklin Furnace, all stations on this, the 
prettiest and most picturesque little railroad in the United 
States, are nestled in the very heart of the beauty oi 
Sussex. 



MAKING A REVOLUTION. 



A STORY OF NEW JERSEY IN WAR TIMES. 




Copyright, 1900, by Will Bo^ert Hunter. 

MONG the rugged mountains and smiling valleys 
of New Jersey was developed the full character 
of the War of the Revolution. 

Driven to bay in the hills ; almost annihilated 
l)y the British forces; ragged, tattered, torn, fam- 
ished, the shattered army of freedom there dis- 
played first the indomitable spirit that led it on 
to victory, and demonstrated to the nations of 
the world the true quality of the men who were to lead 
the van of progress during the coming centuries. New 
Jersey no more than all of the struggling provinces of the 
New World, is responsible for the vigorous, tenacious cour- 
age of the followers of Washington, but New Jersey justly 
can lay claim to being the field from which these qualities 
were first strongly impressed upon the warriors of the Old 
World. 

From the Boston massacre of 1770, the events of the Rev- 
olution had led rapidly down to the famous retreat of Wash- 
ington's tattered army through New Jersey in 1776. The first 
Continental Congress had met just beyond the confines of 
the state. The battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill had 
followed the famous Boston tea party. Ticonderoga had 
been captured, and Boston evacuated. The Declaration of 
Independence had been signed and sealed. Washington's 
army had been driven to Long Island, and the British forces 
had just given battle in which three-iifths of the American 
troops had been slain. Washington had escaped to New 
York, closely followed by the British. He had been forced 
to Harlem Heights, to be driven a few days later to White 
Plains. New York had been nearly consumed by fire started 
through the carelessness of English soldiers and hirelings 
flushed with victories. The next move was to be upon the 



MAKING A REVOLUTION, 



ENTRANCE TO 
STATION, GI.ADSTONR. 




very center of the nation, the Continental Congress at Phila- 
delphia. 

His army reduced to 3,000 ragged, famished, exhausted 
men, Washington still hoped to keep the foe from the Pennsyl- 
vania city. He warned William Livingston, famous loyal 
chief executive, to prepare for the invasion of New Jersey. 
Fort Washington was captured and Fort Lee was evacuated 
while the messenger was yet upon his way. Washington 
then crossed the Hudson and brought the remnant of his 
army to the Hackensack bridge, so closely followed by the 
British that the armies almost met. From the outskirts of 
Newark the Americans marched as the British entered the 
town from the other side. Rapidly Washington moved his 
troops to Brunswick on the Raritan, the British following 
through Elizabeth, Uniontown and Woodbridge, impressing 
cattle, horses and wagons, and bringing terror to the hearts 
of men, women and children. 

So close was the pursuit, and so exhausted the army of 
freedom, that had Howe, the British commander, pushed the 
fight, the remnant of Americans must have been annihilated. 
But Howe halted his troops at Brunswick, and while the 
American generals Stirling and Stephen covered the retreat, 
Washington got his troops across the river at Trenton. 
W^hen Trenton came into the hands of the British, the last of 
the American force had reached in safety the Pennsylvania 
shore. 

New Jersey belonged to the foe. 

Confident that the little band of patriots had been con- 
quered and that the war required to end it but one more 
stinging blow, easily administered, the British rested quietly 
on the east of the Delaware, awaiting the ice which would 
carry them to final victory. They spread out over the sur- 
rounding country to live upon the inhabitants, and to pre- 
vent recruits from reaching the American lines. 
At Brunswick they collected stores and pro- 
visions. At Cranberry a recruiting station was 
established. Dunop's 2,000 Hessians were 
scattered among the farmers' homes, eight, ten 
and twelve to a house. Cornwallis, confident 
that the curtain was about to fall, was off 
toward England. Rahl, with 1,200 men, occu- 
pied Trenton. 

On the other shore the character of the 



MAKING A REVOLUTION, 



Revolution slov\ly was forming. The tide of American 
liberty was at its lowest ebb. Only a tattered relic of the 
patriotic army remained. Men were jaded and wretched. 
Many were barefooted. All were footsore and weary from 
the rapid march through Jersey. Hope had all but died 
out. The term of enlistment of many had expired ; they had 
determined to lay down their arms. Congress could not 
supply the sinews of war. Goxernors of the states were 
unable to awaken a spark for 
a seemingly dying cause, 
Christmas day was close 
at hand, but the anni- 
versary of Him 
who had died 
for the sal- 
\- a t i o n 
o f m e n 
gave no 
glimmer 



Copyria:ht, 1900, netroit Photographic Co. 



of hope for the liberty of a people. Here, under these cir- 
cumstances, developed the character of the Revolution. On 
Christmas night this character began to make itself apparent. 

There was no holiday cheer upon the western bank of 
the Delaware. Instead commanders were moving among 
the heroes of Bunker Hill, of Long Island, of Harlem 
Heights and White Plains bidding them prepare for a night 
of peril. 

On the eastern shore hilarity reigned. Rahl, with a party 
of congenial friends, drank deep and often to the glory of 
the British arms. His men, comfortably quartered, sang of 
Christmas cheer in merrie England and the faderland. Out- 
posts considered it unnecessary to watch carefully a foe that 
was isolated by a raging river running full with gigantic cakes 
of ice. 



WE LOVE 
NEW JERSEY 
MOUNTAINS ! 




MAKING A REVOLUTION, 



Through all that terrible night the troop of freedom 
labored ceaselessly in the river. Story, poem, song have 
rehearsed it through more than a century, and will to the 
end of time. The fall of Trenton is the climax. 

Four days later Washington was again on Jersey soil with 
his still jaded troops. Cornwallis was hastening back from 
New York to blot out the disgrace of Trenton. British 
forces were gathering at Princeton to aid in his effort. Seven 
thousand men opposed the little army which had crossed the 
Delaware. Liberty's spark seemed about to be snuffed out. 

On the eastern shore of the Delaware the character of the 
Revolution continued to develop. Washington and his 
generals were in consultation and the genius of warfare 
presided. 

After the conference the American army stole silently by 
the British while the redcoated sentinels watched flaming 
campfires that were supposed to be warming a sleeping 
enemy. A single regiment fed these beacon lights that 
lulled an unsuspicious foe. When morning dawned Wash- 
ington attacked the enemy from the rear and the British 
were driven into Trenton. 

Stung by this second defeat, outgeneraled when success 
seemed to be within easy grasp, the British commanders 
pushed forward to annihilate the American army. Wash- 
ington, however, was on his way to the mountain fastnesses 
of New Jersey, whither the redcoats dared not follow. His 
first night's camp was at Somerset Court House. The 
following day he reached Morristown, where he took up 
headquarters for the winter. 

In these mountains, protected from the onslaughts of the 
enemy by the rocky hills, Liberty's flame burned bright 
again. A new army was born. The character of the War 
of the Revolution had become apparent to the nations of the 
earth. A despised handful of men had become recognized 
as a power to command respect. Sinews of war more easily 
were secured. France came to the aid of the American 
arms. Colonists saw the revolt against the king in a new 
light. Misgivings and doubts were being dispelled. Recruits 
hurried to the new standard. Another army, animated with 
new vigor, marched forth from the mountains in the vicinity 
of Morristown when spring had garbed the highlands. 

Into the security of these mountains Washington with- 
drew the major portion of his army each succeeding winter 



LACKAWANNA J^ESOI^TS, 



of the war, except that of 1777-78, when the troops suffered 
so terribly at Valley Forge. The lines extended from 
Morristown through all the towns and villages to the 
Hudson River and White Plains above New York. Head- 
quarters of the commander-in-chief during these desolate, 
dreary seasons were at Morristown, at Middlebrook and at 
White Plains. 

Once only did the British strive to drive the American 
troops from the fastnesses of the mountains, and after that 
fruitless effort, in the spring of 1777, they practically 
abandoned New Jersey, entering only on foraging raids and 
to harass the Americans in their winter quarters. These 
raids, however unimportant compared with the greater 
events of the Revolution, yet have cast a' charm of historical 
interest over the entire region. 

MORRISTOWN, NEW JERSEY. 

Morristown, though a mountain city of rare beauty 
and extreme healthfulness, yet holds its chief interest to 
the tourist in its associations with the War of the Revo- 
lution. 

Here, during the winter of 1777, Washington made his 
headquarters in the Freeman Tavern, a building that long 
smce passed away, though its site is still pointed out. Dur- 
ing the winter of 1779-80 Washington and his wife lived in 
the old Ford mansion, his army occupying rude log huts in 
the vicinity. Foraging parties of the enemy hovered near a 
great part 01 the winter. On this account was organized 
the Life Guard, for the protection of a leader whom the 
army venerated. At the first alarm these men hurried 
to the rude house for the protection of the commander, 
and it is related that many 
times she who afterward 
was called the mother of 
her country shivered with 
W'idow Ford behind the 
curtains of the old-fash- 
ioned bed until the Life 
Guard thought it safe to 
withdraw. 

Here died and was bur- 
ied with military honors the 
Cavalier de Luzerne, the 



From an old woodcut. 



MUTINY AT 
.MORRISTOWN, I780. 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



IN THE WATCHUNG 
MOUNTAINS, 
NEW JERSEY. 



French minister. To prevent any one from opening his 
sepulchre to obtain possession of the jewels which were 
buried with him a guard stood constantly over the grave 
until the remains were disinterred to be taken to Phila- 
delphia. 

Here, too, three years later, the Pennsylvania troops, 
having endured the greatest hardships, receiving no pay for 
their services and seeing no prospect of being paid, 

mutinied. 
Thirteen 
hundred of 
them drew 
up in parade 
preparatory 
to marching 
to Philadel- 
phia to pre- 
sent their 
grievances to 
Congress. 
The officers 
tried first to 
quell the 
trouble by 
peaceful 
means, then 
resorted to 
force. The troops fired in turn. For two hours there was 
an indescribable scene of horror and confusion. The muti- 
neers ended the unequal struggle and marched off tow^ard 
Elizabethtown. 

At Morristown, on a high hill overlooking the town, was 
built Fort Nonsense, for the sole purpose of keeping the 
troops busy. Traces of it may still be found. The old 
Ford mansion, some years ago, was purchased by a party of 
patriotic citizens and today it contains the finest collection 
of relics of the Revolution in existence. 

Aside from its historical interest Morristown is rich 
in those things which make a summer home or a summer 
jaunt memorable. 

Mendham is seven miles from Morristown. It is in the 
heart of the mountains, and there is scarcely a cooler or 
more bracing spot in all New Jersey. It is renowned for its 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



health-giving atmosphere, and also for the long-extended 
view over valley and lower mountain. The place is nothing 
but an old-fashioned village, filled with quaint houses, 
honest people, fertile farms and perpetual happiness. In 
the warmer months it is filled with summer guests. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MILBURN, NEW JERSEY. 

This beautiful mountain town, surrounded by scenery 
that is exquisite, has upon its very outskirts Springfield, the 
scene of several of the most desperate of the minor battles 
of the Revolution. Prospect Hill, upon which the Ameri- 
cans kept a lookout for the British and where an old i8- 
pounder was kept to give the alarm of an approach, looks out 
today just as a hundred years ago upon the scene of the 
battles. Here, in 1776, the British, marching out from 
Elizabeth against the American camp at Chatham, were so 
severely beaten by Colonel Ford's New Jersey militia that 
they fell back to Newark. Again in 1777 the redcoats were 
defeated on this field and driven back to 
Elizabeth by General Maxwell. In 1780 
the British general Knyphausen, landing at 
Elizabeth from Staten Island, started out to 
fight the Americans who were stationed 
about Short Hills and back toward Morris- 
town. The Americans made a stand at the 
bridge over the Rahway. Knyphausen was 
forced to retreat under cover of darkness. 
Sir Henry Clinton, piqued at the repulse of 
the flower of the British army, headed a sec- 
ond attack upon Washington by way of 
Springfield and Short Hills. Again the little 
i8-pounder on Prospect Hill boomed forth 
its warning. The British general found a 
warm welcome. At nightfall another vic- 
tory had been scored by the Continentals. 
It was in this battle that Chaplain Cald- 
well, bringing hymn books from his church 
at Connecticut Farms to be used for gun 
wadding by the American troops, delivered 
that famous epigram : 

" Give *em Watts, boys ! " 



NEAR MILBURN. 





\ 


^^^^y|P^^ 


f y 


■1 


|k>' 


■rm 


1 


^ 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



PASSAIC RIVER 

NEAR 

FAR HILLS. 



On the retreat the British burned the village of Springfield, 
leaving but four houses standing. Today, at Milburn, 
Springfield, Wyoming and Summit, all practically on the 
old battlefield, are some of the finest summer homes about 
the city of New York. Here are the Watchung Mountains, 
their two long ranges and hundreds of spurs enclosing mag- 
nificent valleys and producing scenic effects unrivaled. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cenl stamp. 

CHATHAM, NEW JERSEY. 

Chatham was the scene of a mutiny of the troops of the 
American army during the winter of 1781. Encouraged by 
the success of the Pennsylvania troops at Morristown, those of 
New Jersey, stationed at Pomp- 
ton and Chatham, revolted also, 
determined to march to Trenton 
and by force of arms obtain their 
rights of Congress. Washington 
at once dispatched six hundred 
men under Howe with orders to 
march rapidly and secretly to the 
camp of the mutineers. The 
snow was deep and the cold in- 
tense, but the six hundred 
pushed resolutely forward. During a bleak 
night Howe surrounded the camp and placed 
his artillery to command every approach. 
When daylight broke mutineers saw ranks of armed men 
on every side and cannon sweeping the entire field. Howe 
ordered them to parade at once without arms and promised 
no quarter if they did not at once obey. They refused. 
Colonel Sprut, with a regiment, pressed forward and the 
mutiny was put down. Two of the ringleaders were shot, 
twelve of their companions acting as executioners. There 
were no more mutinies among the American troops. 

Here are magnificent summer homes and hither come 
every season many transients, attracted by the beautiful drives 
and the health-giving mountain air. It is the gateway to as 
fine a country as the sun shines upon. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



MOUNT TABOR, NEW JERSEY. 
Mount Tabor became famous on account of the annual 
gatherings of methodists who hold their annual camp-meet- 
ings there. It is beautifully situated and contains many 
pretty cottages, which are owned by people of all religious 
denominations. Tennis courts, baseball grounds and other 
means of recreation enhance the natural attractions. Water 
pumped from a chain of springs is one of its chief attrac- 
tions. Camp-meetings are held for ten days each year dur- 
ing August. Social entertainments are held every Saturday 
evening in the large auditorium. A beautiful lake where 
good fishing and boating can be indulged is within five 
minutes' walk. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BASKING RIDGE, NEW JERSEY. 

Here, too, was enacted one of the memorable events of 
the War of the Revolution. In an old farmhouse overlook- 
ing the broad valley to Morristovvn, Gen. Charles Lee, 
Washington's rival, traitor, object of an American court- 
martial which deprived him of his ofifice and his commis- 
sion, was captured. During that awful retreat of Washing- 
ton's army across New Jersey the American commander 
was importuning Lee to come to his rescue. Lee chose to 
dally at his headquarters at White Plains and, after starting, 
to take his time. At Basking Ridge he tarried one night, 
finding the cheer so inviting that he suffered his army to 
march several miles to the south before he chose to follow 
the next morning. A Tory, seeing his unprotected position, 
notified a troop of British dragoons who descended upon the 
American general 
just as he was 
mounting his 
horse and cap- 
tured him. A 
band of seventy 
resolute Continen- 
tals under Col. 
Paul W. Sargent 
gave chase to the 
dragoons, who es- 
caped, however, 



Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photi '.^ 



WHERE 

GENERAL LEE 

WAS CAPTURED. 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



among the hills with their prisoner. This old house still 
stands, though robbed of every line that might recall it as it 
stood during the war. The present owner, a practical old 
farmer, points with pride to the new siding, the sweeping 
bow windows and the modern porch and as proudly states 
that the interior has also been remodeled until the whole 
has made a "fine house." 

In this section, too, is some of the most beautiful of all 
the eastern scenery. The drives are magnificent, along old 
mountain roads, through blooming valleys, over babbling 
brooks and by quiet little lakes. In the country about 
wealthy New Yorkers have their summer homes, palaces 
like unto those which look down from the cliffs of the Hud- 
son. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

NEWARK, NEW JERSEY. 

Newark had its share in the War of the Revolution, 
though it was but a small one. Washington spent five days 
there in his retreat from New York in 1776. It is stated that 
he stopped at the old Gouverneur mansion, now standing at 
the corner of Mount Pleasant avenue and Gouverneur street, 
a house familiar to lovers of Irving as his " Cockloft Hall," 
at which he often visited his friend Gouverneur Kemble. As 
Washington's army left the outskirts of the city the British, 
closely pursuing, entered from the opposite direction. The 
British came again during the winter of 1 779-' 80 from their 
headquarters in New York. This winter was one of excep- 
tional severity and ice covered the North River, the East 
River and the bay for miles. Redcoats crossed the North 
River in sleighs and attacked Newark, burning an academy 
and sacking houses. 

Newark, however, has far more ancient history. It was 
purchased of the Indians in 1666 for powder, lead, axes, 
liquor and clothing to the value of about $750. The pur- 
chased property included the sites of the present towns of 
Bloomfield, Belleville, Montclair, Orange and Caldwell and 
their adjacent villages. It was built on strict religious prin- 
ciples, newcomers being obliged to make written oath that 
they would help in the "maintenance and advancement 
agreed upon for the upbuilding of the settled ministry and 
preaching of theW^ord." It became a manufacturing district 



OND RlVHR, 
iR NEWARK. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 




as early as 1676, and in 1685 its 
products were so great that 
Governor Dongan, of New 
York, complained in an official 
report that it was "robbing 
New York of trade." Two 
years before it had become fa- 
mous for the manufacture of 
cider, of which Deputy-Gov- 
ernor Thomas Rudyard wrote 
to a friend in London that it 
' ' exceeded any we ha\e from 
New England or Rhod Island 
or Long Island." On an old 
map printed in 1806 it is stated 
that the town ' ' is noted for its 
Cider, the making of carriages 
of all sorts, coach lace, men's 
and women's shoes." Note 
that cider is spelled with a 
big C. 

Newark, now a city of about 
200,000, is rich in interest to 
the tourist. Through its very 
center runs the old Morris 
canal, once a powerful high- 
way of commerce. Here Aaron 
Burr was born, and his father, 
a famous divine, before him. 
Here is the " Cockloft Hall " of Irving, with its many mem- 
ories. Here is old "First Church," established in 1668. 
Houses dating back over the centuries are on ever\^ hand, 
jostled by mansions of modern construction. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BERNARDSVILLE, NEW JERSEY, 

Bernardsville is situated in the midst of the Somerset 
county hills, frequently alluded to as the "Alps" of New 
Jersey, a name not misapplied. Being beyond the first 
range of mountains west of New York, the distinct change 
from the dampness of the ocean to dry mountain air is at 
once felt. The entire section abounds in wild scenery. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



LACKAWANNA 

STATION, 

BERNARDSVILLE. 




changing from a very extensive outlook over and beyond 
fertile valleys to byways through gorges, alongside moun- 
tain streams amidst luxuriant foliage. Mountain roads 
are hard and always smooth, and lead in all directions 
through pretty villages dotting an extremely prosperous 
farming section. 

Since its first settlement by New Yorkers, many years 
ago, Bernardsville has been the most popular of New Jersey 
resorts, until now its population is represented largely by 
summer residents, whose beautiful and costly residences 
grace the hills and appear at every turn in the landscape. 
Near here is situated " Round Top," the beautiful home of 
Frederic P. Olcott, of New York 
city, comprising i,ooo acres of 
land, and the most extensive breed- 
ing farm in the east. Its miles of 
shaded drives are always open to 
the public. The Bernardsville- 
Mendham district has long been 
famous as a health resort to those 
suffering from rheumatism and 
complaints of a malarial origin ; 
there is no marshy ground in this section of mountain and 
valleys. 

Among the hills between Bernardsville and Mendham is 
a famous inn, surrounded by cottages especially well built 
and luxuriously furnished for the accommodation of guests. 
It affords accommodations that can be favorably compared 
with any other first-class hotel in the country. 

Special fast train service brings Bernardsville within one 
hour of New York by rail. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

THE ORANGES. 

East Orange, Orange, South Orange and the intervening 
stations — Grove Street, Brick Church, Highland Avenue 
and Mountain Station — known to easterners as the 
"Oranges," are among the most beautiful of the finest 
suburban places in the vicinity of New York. They date 
back over two centuries and contain many points of historic 
interest. One of the chief charms of these cities is the high 
mountain range that borders them. The range is called 



LACKAWANNA RESOI^TS, 



Orange Mountains and is a spur of the Blue Ridge. It runs 
toward the northeast and slopes gracefully toward the 
valley in which the cities are partly located. At the summit 
of the mountain is Llewellyn Park, laid out with every 
elegance of taste and effect in artistic landscape gardening. 
It contains the homes of wealthy people and is acknowledged 
to be the most magnificent spot in New Jersey. Near by, 
from Eagle Rock, a view of twenty-five miles around 
the country can be had. Thomas Edison, "wizard of 
electricity," has a fine home in the park. The side of the 
mountain is flecked with imposing residences and finely laid- 
out grounds ; among the oldest and finest being that of the 
Essex County Country Club, whose historic house and 
beautiful grounds make it one of the most charming country 
clubs in America. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MORRIS PLAINS, NEW JERSEY. 

Morris Plains is built upon a high plateau, with surround- 
ing mountains rising on the north and west. The climate is 
cool, the air dry and delightful, and the entire section 
extremely healthful. Roads are macadamized, and lead 
through a surrounding country intensely picturesque. INIany 
gentlemen of wealth here have erected palatial residences. 
Back from the station at a distance of one mile is located 
the state hospital for the insane, one of the largest and 
best-managed institutions of its character in the United 
States. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY. 

Montclair, beautifully situated on the eastern slope of the 
Orange Mountains, and containing some of the most mag- 
nificent and costly residences in the state, is one of the most 
desirable residential towns in the country. With a popula- 
tion of over 10,000, it combines all the advantages of rural 
life as well as the conveniences of a city. In addition to 
excellent public schools there is a military academy and 
several private schools of high standing. Verona and 
Caldwell, two beautiful villages widely known for their 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



RAYMOND 

KILL 

FALLS. 



picturesque surroundings and healthful locations, are easily 
reached by trolley and will repay the effort of a visit. 

The streets of Montclair 
are wide and macadamized, 
and the sidewalks all are 
flagged. A drive about the 
town is like an outing in 
some great park. Magnifi- 
cent residences, so numer- 
ous as to cause a stranger to 
tnarvel at the amount of 
wealth invested, are located 
back from the streets, sur- 
rounded by green lawns, 
shrubbery and flowers. 
Boarding-houses are numer- 
ous and well conducted. 
Those seeking an ideal spot 
for summer sojourn com- 
bining every convenience 
and of easy access to New 
York need go no farther. 

Directory of Hotels and Board- 
ing Houses, giving rates and com- 
plete information, will be mailed 
on application accompanied by 
2-cent stamp. 





NEW JERSEY AS A SUMMER 
RESORT. 

O those who desire a summer among the famous 
resorts on the Atlantic coast and about New York 
northern New Jersey is an ideal headquarters. 
Almost any of the Jersey cities on the Lackawanna 
Railroad may be reached from New York within an 
hour and the train service is such that a jaunt can 
be made at almost any time of the day or night. 
This service is one of the best in the United States, the very 
large number of commuters of the road making the running 
of numerous fast and comfortable trains a necessity. 

Few people outside the Highlands of New Jersey ever 
consider any part of the state as mountainous. Within ten 
miles of the Hudson River, however, after crossing the 
picturesque Hackensack meadows, the trains begin to climb 
into the Watchung Mountains. At Newark, the first stop 
out of New York, the elevation above sea level is 235 feet. 
At Montclair an elevation of 509 feet is attained. The sum- 
mit of Orange Mountain in Essex county, less than fifteen 
miles from New ^'ork, is 665 feet above tide water. Second 
mountain, near the Oranges, reaches up 691 feet. Bald 
Mountain, just out of Rockaway, has an altitude of 903 feet. 
Boonton is on an average more than five hundred feet above 
sea level. Budd's Lake is among mountains over one thou- 
sand feet high. Copperas Mountain has an altitude of 1,243 
feet. Green Pond Mountain is 1,300 feet in height. The 
surface of Lake Hopatcong is 927 feet above sea level. 
Schooley's Mountain has a general elevation of 1,227 ft^et. 
None of these points is to exceed fifty miles from New York 
and all can be reached from the metropolis in approximately 
an hour. 

These cold figures indicate in a general way the moun- 
tainous countr}'. They can not, however, give any evidence 
of the enticing charm of the region. From the Hudson River 
west to the Delaware River New Jersey presents an endless 



NEW JERSEY AS A SUMMER RESORT, 



SOMERSET INN 
BKRNARDSVILLE. 



variety of mountain ranges, chains of hills and magnificent 
intervening valleys. Beautiful streams and pretty lakes are 
found everywhere. Through thfs magnificent country, pic- 
turesque as the Alps or any of the well-known mountain 
districts of the eastern country, wind macadamized roads, 
always in perfect condition, for New Jersey has a reputation 
to maintain, it already being known as the state having the 
greatest number of miles of improved roadways. These 
perfect drives lead in every direction among mountains that 
at many points seem not to have an inhabitant or to have 
known an improvement. Within the next half-mile a 
charming village will be found nestled upon the side of a 
mountain looking down into a farm-filled valley. Some of 
these date back nearly two centuries and they retain old 
houses and many queer relics of the past. Old cemeteries 
are filled with decaying headstones bearing odd inscriptions. 
Falling mills tell the story of another day. On every hand, 
too, will be found the homes of the wealthiest New Yorkers, 
modern castles surrounded by every beauty that nature can 
give and art enhance. 

The oppressive heat of the coast region is not known 
among these mountains. Nights usually are cool and delight- 
ful, and even at midday the temperature is not oppressive. 
Magnificent hotels, comfortable boarding-houses and farm 
houses for the less fastidious, offer homes to those who 
desire to ramble in the woods and clamber in the mountains. 
New Yorkers by thousands spend their summers in these 
regions and do not tire, for there is a charm that grows not 
old, a beauty that seems more ideal with every springtime. 
Strangers planning a summer or a short time in the east 
can do no better than find a stopping-place in any of the 
picturesque, quaint towns in these mountains. From such 
headquarters they can run into New York, down to Coney 

Island, Manhattan Beach, to the 
Jersey coast resorts, up the Hud- 
son River, take fiying trips to 
the Sound resorts and return at 
night for a refreshing night's 
slumber and rest. 





SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 

A STORY OF DELAWARE WATER GAP AND POGONO 
MOUNTAINS. 

Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 

ENTURIES ago, just after the Great Glacier had 
retreated far into the northland, an elfin king, 
Majesty by name, and his bride, Beauty, ruled over 
a populous kingdom from a throne perched upon 
the westward slope of an isolated group of moun- 
tains upon which dwelt that mischievous clan which, 
in after years, played such pranks with the sober 
senses of poor Rip Van Winkle. 

Fair was this queen of fairyland ; fairer than 
tongue can tell, than brush can paint or pen delin- 
eate. On her cheek was the flush of dawn, in her eyes the 
twinkle of the stars of night, in her form the sinuous grace 
of the dancing waterfall. For her the elfin king, in the days 
of their honeymoon, had his only thought. Though pic- 
turesque the rocky splendor of her castle the doting groom 
longed each day to see her more suitably surrounded. In 
a dream one night he saw her ruling her legions and his 
from a court that reflected -her innumerable charms — and 
in this vapory inspiration was born the spirit of purpose. 

Scarcely had the first rays of the sun peeped over the 
mountain top before the countless legions of elfiand were 
summoned before their king to listen in wondering silence to 
the recital of the vision, to the description of the dream 
court and its magnificent estate. When the king had 
finished no sound came from the enchanted host, and he 
had again to break the silence. 

"Go," he said to the elfs of the wind, "go scour the 
earth for a site for my lady's court, and speed back with the 
burden of your discoveries." 

"Plan," he said to the little architects, "plan for my 
bride a home like that of mv dream." 



SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 



CHESTNUT LANE, 
POCONO MOUNTAINS. 



" Prepare," he said to the elfs of the water and the air 
and the sunshine and the frost, "prepare to carry out the 
plans of the architects." 

Off on their mission sped the fairies of the breeze. 
Before them lay a s^^reat lake seemingly without border either 




upon the north or upon the west or upon 
the south, and as the scouts skimmed over 
it their silvery ti'ail gave joy to the heart of 
the elf king. Some were away only for a day, others jour- 
neyed for a week ; the last returned within a fortnight. 
To the king and his council each told of his discoveries — 
of the rolling hills that stretched to the westward from 
the farther shore of the lake ; of a great gorge into which 
tumbled a giant waterfall that drained one rippling lake into 
another ; of a great plain that waved with grasses on to the 
foothills of a chain of rugged mountains dividing the plain 
from the sea. Others told of the sea to the east and the 
mountains to the south, and a sweeping river filled with 
charming islands to the north. 

With all these tales the king was most impressed by one 
which told of a narrow cleft in the rugged mountains into 
which the waters of the very lake beside which they were 
seated plunged for a thousand feet in aerial flight, to pursue 
the meandering way of a turbulent river journeying toward 
the sea. This was determined upon as the site for my lady's 
court, the decision being more readily reached for the reason 
that the architects had conceived as the very groundwork of 
their plan the gorge of a mighty river that should wind 
peacefully between verdant walls. 



SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 



Next day the work began in earnest. 

First the gorge must be completed. It was a herculean 
task to cut down the rock of the great waterfall until a river 
should meander tranquilly between the towering walls. But 
the forces were unlimited. Waters of the great lake which 
lay before the elf king's throne surged toward the south, 
cutting away at the brink of the precipice ceaselessly and 
powerfully. They enlisted the power of sharp, jagged rocks 
which crashed upon the shelf of the waterfall, grinding merci- 
lessly. To the aid of the waters, during times when they 
were not employed elsewhere, came the elfs of the frost and 
the ice, prying into interstices, then forcing away giant pieces 
of the bed of the cataract. Bit by bit the fall decreased in 
height, bit by bit the great lake above was lowered, bit by 
bit the gorge was dug, and one day the waters ran tranquilly 
along a gradually descending course. Where the mighty 
waterfall had been one giant precipice lifted itself almost per- 
pendicularly one thousand feet into the sky. The facing wall 
descended with gentle grace to the very edge of the river. 

While these elfs had been at work upon the throne room, 
other legions were as diligently employed elsewhere, pre- 
paring the foundations for the chamber of the queen, for 
the great banquet hall, for the cathedral, for the rough 



MOUNTAIN HOTEL, 
POCONO MOUNTAINS, 




Copyright, 1900, Dcir^it 1'Iil tugrapuic Co. 

quarters of the fighting hosts and the dainty apartments of 
the attendants of her majesty. 

Starting away back in the mountains to the west, to the 



SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS. 



SILVER 

THREAD 

FALLS, 

dingman's 

FERRY. 



north and to the south of the great waterfall these 
legions began their work. Some burrowed into the 
earth from a thousand different points, mingled their 
forces and gurgled up, bringing white sand for the 
floor of my lady's court among the distant hills, bear- 
ing it away in little rills that cut deeper and deeper as 
they sped onward. Other myriads of the water sprites 
gathered in rocky hollows of the towering range, finally 
to force their way out to journey toward the rills of 
the springs. Each labored according to its force, 
this legion making a line of deep chambers, that only 
a shallow bed in the resisting rock. Many gained 
power from the declivities of the mountain sides and 
their speedy journeys leaped from shelving rocks 
to dash in frenzy in splashing pools 'below. Others 
swirled and eddied among the bowlders. Small 
forces joined into sweeping armies that rushed 
along down the mountain slopes with mighty 
vigor. To all these the elfs 
of the frost and the ice lent 
aid during certain seasons, 
clipping off masses of rock 
which the waters were 
wearing only slowly, cleav- 
ing bowlders that were ob- 
structing the work of the 
builders. 

When the labor of these 
elfin stonemasons was well under way there stretched away 
to the west, from the great cleft in the rock which marked 
the fairy court, a gorge deep below the tips of the mountains 
which, extending for more than a hundred miles, were 
indented with chambers deep and wide, leading to the peace- 
ful river. Hundreds of little lakes nestled among the hills. 
Hundreds of mountain streams dashed through these rocky 
chambers. Countless waterfalls and cascades danced in the 
sunlight. 

Westward the mountains grew higher and higher, and 
near the very tip legions of the elf king's 
forces deserted his ranks and began 
building courts of their own. Untrue to 
him, they were fickle to each other ; 
each builded according to his own design. 




BOAT 

LANDING, 

'ATER GAP. 




Copyright, 1900. Detroit Photographic Co. 



WATER GAP. 




SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS, 



1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



The mightiest of these divided forces 
cut another gorge extending adovvn the 
mountains toward a sweeping river to 
the west. Others, more feeble, worked 
away toward the reahns of elf kings to 
the south. 

Now came the elfin decorators to 
embellish my lady's court. From dis- 
tant lands they brought cones of pine 
and hemlock, the winged seed of the 
maple, the potent nut of oak and hick- 
ory, the dormant germs of elm and 
chestnut. Gay butterflies and bees they 
snared and robbed of the pollen of rarest 
flowers. They gathered sleeping life of 
laurel and rhododendron and scattered it in lavish profusion 
o'er all the hills and in all the dells. The spores of rarest 
ferns and daintiest mosses, the seeds of clinging vines, they 
bore with them to grace the fairy realm. 

These the elfin gardeners watched with tender care, 
trained branching trees over the beds of rippling rills, 
coated rocks with mosses, draped over crags the cling- 
ing vines, filled glens with ferns, fringed the edges of 
lakes with waving grasses, tangled rhododendron in 
impassable masses, sprinkled flowering plants in profu- 
sion everywhere. Couches for my lady's maids they 
constructed in the deep shadows of the forest; quiet 
pools for elfin baths they builded near the edges of water- 
falls and in secluded hollows. Into rills and cataracts 
they put music and laughter; they threw their varied 
songs into the dancing leaves of the trees. They painted' 
in every hue the woodland, and hung trees and vines 
with gorgeous fruit and nodding nuts. They brought 
captive pheasant and grouse, w^oodcock and wood 
duck and birds of plumage gay to mingle in 
the chorus of the watersprites and the elfs of 
the breeze. They filled brooks with the speck- 
led trout and lakes with the gamy bass, the 
gorgeous sunfish and the long, graceful pickerel. 
The court was ready for its queen. 

Still there was no rest among the builders of a paradise. 
They feared even it might grow wearisome viewed always 
the same, hence fairv scene-shifters ever change the view. 



NEAR 

DINGMAN'S FERRY. 




SCULPWRE OF THE ELFS, 



While the queen sleeps they spread about a hazy cloud 
through which the stars twinkle merrily. The radiant 
moon peeps o'er the tops of the mountains and bathes all 
with its soft light. The glens and dales are lost in the 
darkness. A ray of light touches the dancing waterfalls, 



MOSS LEDGE PATH, 
WATER GAP. 




Copyriglit, 1900, Detroit Ph.itMt,' 

another pierces the trees like an arrow to catch 

its reflection in the mirror of a pool. Across 

the tranquil river is a pathway of silver. The 

chorus of the cataracts and the rills swells louder. Crickets 

and frogs pay tribute to their queen. An owl hoots in the 

woodland. 

As my lady wakes a glimmer of light creeps through 
the great niche in the mountains, throwing a trail of light 
across the quiet bosom of the river. The niche becomes a 
diadem of incomparable magnificence, a diamond in the 
center from which radiates all the hues of the morning. The 
shaft of sunlight lifts from the water and touches the trees 
and the flowers, building a silvery avenue far into the 
ghostly valley. Shadows of the mountains guarding the 
throne grow shorter and lighter. Woodlands take on form. 
Lakelets change from black to gray. Birds waken from 
their slumber and pour forth their welcome to the sun which 
is peeping above the crown of the hills. 

Perhaps during the night the elfs that feed the flowers 
have been gathering dewdrops from the bosom of the sleepy 
river, A white cloud hangs before the great notch. Where 
river and mountain wall have been is limitless, colorless, 



SCULPTURE OF THE ELFS, 



objectless expanse. No point of color, no outline greets 
the vision. 

Then comes the change. 

Through the notch struggles a ray of light. It pierces 
the mist feebly, slowly. The mists give way. Mountains 
rise like ghosts. Trees forget the ghastly damps that wrap 
them and bathe in the breeze. "Along the high levels of 
the hills, trailing and losing its anchors on every ledge, 
drifts the night to fall in final wreck against the morning. 
A loon flaps his heavy way across the river. The gleam of 
the scarlet cardinal is seen in the lowlands, a glint of gold on 
the hemlocks above. There falls over the ledges a lance of 
light — a dazzling multitude of shafts — and conqueror day 
marches up the valley." 

When the elfs of the frost come down to do honor is the 
anniversary of the doting king and his fair queen. The court 
takes on its most radiant dress. Fairy painters touch the 
rocky rang^^-s with purple. Mountains, gleam with color. 




BUTTERMILK I'ALLS, 
POCONO MOUNTAINS. 



Hickories splash with red the greens of the 
pines and the hemlocks. Oaks light up with 
brown. Maples add all the var}nng shades ot 
yellow\ The shumack burns a cardinal f^ame. 
Cliffs are gray in the sleepy light of the sun. The 
river reflects all of the colors of the rainbow. Brown 
grasses cling closer to the earth, dotted with red and yellow 
and purple and amber and gray. White rocks on the river 
banks gleam and glisten. Birds join in a farewell chorus 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



with the singing brooks and the sighing cataracts. With a 
whirr of wings a redhead flashes across from the hills and 
splashes into the water, A quail pipes in the brown fields. 
A squirrel laden with chestnuts chatters saucily. 

So autumn passes, making way for the scene of the snow 
and the ice. 

This is the realm, far-sweeping from the Delaware to the 
Susquehanna, of Majesty and Beauty. 

DELAWARE WATER GAP, PENNSYLVANIA. 

A\'ithin a radius of a few miles of this pretty station with 
its adjoining park, which commands a full view of the 
famous notch through which the Delaware Riv^er flows, is 



BIRD S-EYE 

VIEW, 

PATERSON, 

NEW JERSEY. 



^ k^ 




included, a writer of note has stated, more scenic beauty, 
greater possibilities of comfort combined with recreation 
and sport than can be found in any other equal scope of 
country. It has been a summer resort of wealthy New 
Yorkers and Philadelphians and easterners in general since 
the first summer boarding-house was constructed there in 
1833. With the years its habitues have increased steadily, 
and the means of comfort and luxury have augmented in 
proportion. 

While the gap itself is the center of beauty it is sur- 
rounded by delights which weeks of exploration can not 
exhaust. Eureka creek comes down through a wild glen in 
miniature cascades. A beautiful rustic arbor by the roadside 



LACKA WANNA RESORTl 



at tlie entrance of the glen stands as a memento of George 
W. Childs, who builded it years ago. Mount Minsi, guarding 
the Pennsylvania shore, rising 1,400 feet from the waters of 
the Delaware, gives one of the most magnificent views in 
the world. Its favorite lookouts are The Promontory and 
Prospect Rock, 

Winona Cliff, perched high above the Lackawanna tracks, 
commands a view up the valley that is superb in its beauty 
and grandeur. This is the spot selected by Winona for the 
execution of her fatal "leap," and which gave rise to the 
original name of "Lover's Leap," Ridge Path leads to it 
through the heart of the forest. Below, on the lower ledge, 
a magnificent mountain trail, Moss Ledge, winds its way to 




Child's Arbor. Both lead to Hunter's Spring, far up on 
Mount Minsi. 

In a recess of the mountain is Caldeno Fall. Lover's 
Retreat commands a vista of the river and the opposite 
mountain as also does Council Rock, Lake Lenape lies in a 
depression between hills, nearly surrounded by a growth of 
beautiful trees, on one side the steep wooded slope of Table 
Rock. Sylvan Way is a pathway leading to Caldeno Fall, 
Moss Cascade and Diana's Bath. Moss Cascade is on the 
slope of Table Rock. 

Cooper's Cliff is on the southern crest of Table Rock, 
about five hundred feet above the river. The view is varied 
and beautiful. Moss Grotto, Eureka Falls, and a hundred 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



other points are incomparable. With such surroundings and 
sources of amusement, rambles over miles of mountain 
paths, vistas of great beauty opening at frequent intervals, 
drives in many directions in a most interesting country ; 
steamboat and rovvboat service ; good trout and bass fishing, 
hotels and boarding-houses of the best, it is no wonder that 
New Yorkers and Philadelphians, the former but three hours' 
distant, the latter a few minutes more, pronounce this their 
favorite resort and resting-place. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, gi\ing rates and complete 
information, \\ ill be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

PORTLAND — DELAWARE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

These two pretty towns nestle on the shores of the 
Delaware River just below Water Gap. They are backed by 
the high range of the Kittatinny Mountains, which are cut 
and slashed by magnificent brooks, forming many water- 
falls, cascades and rapids. Good hotels and boarding- 
houses may be found throughout this district, in which lovers 
of the beautiful in nature and of the rod and gun may find 
all that they desire. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

STROUDSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Stroudsburg, a ten minutes' run over the Delaware, 
Lackawanna & Western from the Water Gap, on the bank of 
a rushing, sparkling trout stream, Brodhead's Creek, is the 
station from which most of the noted resorts of the Delaware 
Valley are reached by stage and convevance. 

MISTY MORNING, va.iv.;/ .,.,.., , , '• • j i 

DKLAWAKE WATER GAP. Tficfamous IMilford bicycle r.nd driving road, known to 

thousands of 
wheelmen, 
passes through 
or near by the 
followingresorts 
and places of 
interest : Mar- 
shall's Creek 
a n (;! Falls by 
the same name ; 

Copyright, 1900, Detroit ehotographic Co. EcllO Lake, the 

finest sheet of water in the state ; Rushkill, with its fine 
hotels and boarding-cottages and waterfalls ; Forest Park, 




LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 



its lake and mammoth hotel in the wildest and most secluded 
mountain retreat ; Dingman's, with its famous high falls ; 
Silver Thread, its hotels and boarding-cottages and Ray- 
mondkill Falls. Thus on through to Aiilford is one contin- 
uous panorama of shifting scenes along Delaware's mossy 



SHAWNEE RIVER, 
POCONO MOUNTAINS. 







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^^^HWHHI 


rf J 


U „• .'-t"^"- 






Ml 


HMtes 


iJj^^i(iI^^*^''^"g^-'^'' iirifeif 


^^^^^^^^^^^ jy^a 


^9 


pVDiH 


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banks as it winds like a silvery thread through this enchanted 
fairy land. 

From here, too, are reached the hunting and fishing 
grounds of Monroe and Pike counties ; the trout streams, 
the lakes and river where abound the bass, shad, pickerel, 
perch, mountain brook trout and other specimens of the 
finny tribe. 

The towns of Stroudsburg and East Stroudsburg have all 
the modern improvements, electric light, telegraph, tele- 
phone, local and long distance, connecting with the large 
cities. They have a combined population of over five 
thousand. Charmingly situated among the mountains, 
nestled at the base of the foothills of the famous Pocono 
Range to the northwest, with the main axes of the Blue 
Ridge Mountains forming a boundary on the southeast, 
with the beautiful Highland Dell, a spur of the Blue Ridge, 
intervening, forming a natural and picturesque Acropolis 
overlooking the towns — it is no wonder that the many 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



FALLS AT 
FOREST PARK, 
NEAR STROUDSBURG. 



thousands of summer boarders and visitors have long- pro- 
nounced this the greatest resort region. 

This country is justly celebrated for the beauty and 
grandeur of its scenery ; its healthfulness and 
freedom from malarial influences, its clear 
sparkling water gushing from the mountain 
springs and brooks, its fine drives and walks in 
cool and shady nooks, by waterfalls through 




mountain gorge and over peaks whose height command 
views of unsurpassing beauty, 

Stroudsburg has a hold upon history in being one of the 
places of refuge of those who fled from the Wyoming 
massacre, and as the place of residence of Teedyuscong, the 
Indian chief who played so conspicuous a part on the first 
settlement of the whites in this part of the country. But the 
real progress of the town, as well as its name, dates from 
the latter part of the last century. Col. Jacob Stroud had 
command here of Fort Penn, and owned four thousand 
acres of land. Previous to his death, which occurred in 
1806, he had erected three houses, one of which still stands 
and is known as the Stroud mansion. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



SPRAGUEVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Spragueville appeals to the summer guest on account of 
its high altitude and picturesque surroundings. It is located 
on Brodhead's Creek. Many beautiful residences have 
been erected here. The surroundijig country affords many 
magnificent drives. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rate? and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



CRESCO, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Cresco is situated in the highlands, many points ^n the 
immediate vicinity having an altitude of from 1,700 to 1,900 
feet. It is the railroad station for Paradise Valley, Moun- 
tainhome, Canadensis, Laanna, South Sterling, Promised 
Land, Bright Creek Park and Easton Anglers Park. This 
region abounds with streams of pure sparkling 
water and numerous falls, including Buckhill, 
Lockards, Levers, Rhododendron and Spruce 
Cabin. Paradise Valley is near. The scenery 
is unexcelled in this section of the state. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, givin 
rates and complete information, will be mailed on appl 
cation accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

HENRYVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Henryville is a little village ver>' prettily 
situated at an altitude of 1,730 feet, overlook- 
ing the Analomink River in the Pocono Moun- 
tains. It is a region of woodland and water, 
where nature has undisputed sway. Few 
spots in Pennsylvania offer so much that is 
inviting. Here are some of the most prolific 
brook trout streams in America — East and 
West Branch, Brodhead, Cranberry, Heller, 
Paradise and Devil's Hole — all famous. Park- 
side, on the banks of the Analomink, is a beau- 
tiful little rural retreat, not more than three 
hours' ride from New York. Rhododendron 
and laurel are especial attractions in spring 
and early summer. Late in June rhododen- 
dron is in its glor>% and the thousands of 
bushes covered with delicate blossoms make 
a dainty picture, worthy the brush of the 
most ambitious painter. 

Points of interest are Echo Barn, 
Prospect Ledge, Point Lookout, High 
Rock Summit, 190 feet, directly over 
Analomink River ; Red Rock Glen 
Red Rock Falls, Paradise Falls, 
Quarry Pool, Cave Pool, Fen 
ner's Grotto. Beautiful drives 



3UCKHILL FALLS, 
NEAR CRESCO. 




LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 



RKD ROCK FALLS, 
NEAR HENRYVILLE, 



lead to Sylvan Cascades, Buckhill Falls, Pocono Summit, 
Mount Pocono, Pocono Knob, Swiftvvater, Wiscasset, Para- 
dise, High Bridge and others. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MOUNT POCONO, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Situated at an altitude of nearly 1,900 feet on the Pocono 
Mountains, which cross the northeastern counties of Penn- 
sylvania, and which belong to the same chain as the Catskills, 
in New York, and the Black Mountains of North Carolina, 
this region has been aptly called the "Switzerland of 
America." 

From Mount Pocono a superb panoramic view is spread 
to the eye. Back over innumerable hills roll great broken 
billows of pine forest, a virgin woodland unbroken save by 
an occasional farm clearing. To the right and left bold spurs 
project their steep and rugged fronts. Pocono Knob, the 
noblest, thrusts forward its rock-bound summit like some 
huge turret or the prow of a mighty battleship. Lying 
between the spurs, and seaming them in every direction, 
deep ravines and sheer gorges form mystic depths, through 
whose dim recesses rush and leap the spring-fed mountain 
torrents. The long, straight line of the Blue Ridge, stand- 




Copyriglit, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 

ing out against the sky like a rampart, bounds the distant 
horizon, except where the break of the Delaware Water Gap 
gives a glimpse through it of the distant hills of New Jersey. 



LACKAWANNA ]^ESORTS, 



The atmosphere is remarkably dry, far more so than at 
equal altitudes along the main Allegheny range. It is soft 
and mild, and has in it the healthful balm and exhilarating 
cordial of the breath of the primeval forests. 

The thermometer registers on an average from ten to 



WISCASSET POOL, 
POCONO MOUNTAINS 




Cop> right, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 

fifteen degrees lower than in the cities of New York and 
Philadelphia. Nights are cool. There is no malaria. The 
altitude is not sufficiently great to increase nervous condi- 
tions. Here all throat and chest troubles are benefited, and 
weak lungs are made strong. 

The Pocono Mountains with their natural beauties of 
wood growth and brawling streams, of valleys, towering 
heights and magnificent prospects, cast a spell over those 
who visit them, and bring back the same people year after 
year. Their numbers are being steadily augmented by 
those who each season for the first time become acquainted 
with the sublimity of the region. 

The various streams of the neighborhood, filled with 
trout, are easily accessible, and give good sport with the 
rod. There is also good pheasant, quail and rabbit hunting 
in the autumn. 

Finer hotels are not found in any mountain resort. Sev- 
eral are equipped with all the modern appliances for the 
convenience and comfort of their guests. Steam heat per- 
mits the enjoyment of the cool w^eather, the laurel and 
rhododendrons of June, as well as the changing foliage of 



LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 



DELAWARE RIVF.R 
AT WATER GAP. 



Copyright, 



the invigorating autumn 
days, without discomfort. 
Spacious verandas and 
porches look out upon well 
kept, shaded lawns of em- 
erald green. 

Directory of Hotels and Board- 
ing Houses, giving rates and com- 
plete information, will be mailed 
on application accompanied h\ 
2-cent stamp. 

I'OBYHANNA, 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

Situated in the summit of 
the mountains at an altitude 
of over 1,900 feet above tide 
water, Tobyhanna is justly noted as a health resort and is 
extensively patronized by those suffering with pulmonary 
diseases. The village, which contains about eight hundred 
inhabitants, is prettily situated. Good hotels and boarding- 
houses abound, and the gunning and fishing are excellent. 
Like all the Pocono region this section is absolutely free from 
insect pests and malaria. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 




troit PhotOijraphic Co 



SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Scranton combines within itself and the immediate vicinity 
attractions which make it one of the most interesting cities 
in the United States. Situated in a pocket among the moun- 
tains upon the banks of the beautiful Lackawanna River, the 
"Stream of Laughing Waters," with the historic Susque- 
hanna River almost at its gates, with miles of history, romance 
and tradition branching out from it in every direction, it is a 
point to hold the tourist for many weeks. Itself a great city, 
with all that wealth and well-directed energy can provide in 
the way of comfort and luxury, the traveler finds there what- 
ever accommodations he may desire. An old city, in which 
was born the knowledge of the utility of anthracite coal and 
the energy which compelled the recognition of the product in 
the markets of the world, it offers much of historic interest. 
Within a radius of only a few miles is produced more hard 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



coal than in any other district in the world. Scranton itself 
stands over a coal mine, the drifts and galleries of which 
underlie it at every point. Great mountains of culm, as the 
waste from the natural coal is called, tower into the sky at 
every hand and give evidence not only of the vast past pro- 
duction of black diamonds, but of the work that is going on 
from day to day. Near at hand are immense coal-breakers 
and coal-washers in which the natural product is prepared 
for the hearth. Great iron furnaces, fed by the fuel produced 
at their very doors, send upward their pillars of flame to 
illuminate the night sky. 

About this little enclosed valley nature has distributed 
some of her most magnificent works. In the brooks running 
into the Lackawanna are waterfalls that are known the world 
over. Nay Aug Falls is within the very heart of the city in a 
magnificent park, which has been constructed upon a neigh- 
boring mountain within the last few^ years. The glen of 
Roaring Brook is one of the most picturesque in these moun- 
tains of beauty. To the northwest toward the Susquehanna 
the mountain scenery can not be surpassed. Down the river 
to its junction with the Susquehanna, giant coal-breakers may 
be seen upon every hand. The mines offer a study of weeks 
and months, a study which may be carried on with ease and 
with the ready assistance of those who are in 
charge of the collieries. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving 
rates and complete information, will be mailed on appli- 
cation accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

FACTORYVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Factoryville is a pretty little village perched 
up in the mountains nearly nine hundred feet 
above sea level. Its proximity to Scranton 
makes it a favorite summer resort, not only 
for the residents of that city, but for tourists 
who desire to be within easy reach of the attrac- 
tions of a large city. 

Lake Winola, four and a half miles from 
Factoi^'ville, is one of the most beautiful and 
largest sheets of water in northern Pennsylva- 
nia. It is fed entirely by springs and is as 
clear as crystal. It is surrounded by beautiful 
groves, and is noted for its fine summer cot- 



NAY AUG FALLS, 
NEAR SCRANTOr 




Copyright, 1900, Detr'jit Photographic Co. 



CKAWANNA RESORTS, 



tages, boating-, bathing and fishing. Here are superb black 
bass, and pickerel, that attract the angler from near and 
far. The altitude is i,ioo feet. The air is cool and brac- 
ing — free from malaria. There are many beautiful drives 
in the neighborhood. Scenery is unsurpassed. A large 
hotel that will accommodate four hundred people is situated 
on the bluff, eighty feet above the lake. From it a fine view 
of the surrounding country is obtainable. Commodious 
stages connect with all the important trains from Factoryville. 

Lake Sheridan, three miles from Factoryville, is known 
throughout the east for its fine pickerel, of which it furnishes 
a never-ending supply. Many fine cottages, occupied in 
summer by people from the cities, are here located, also a 
number of furnished cottages for rent. A more picturesque 
and pleasantly situated lake for a summer outing would be 
hard to find. 

The famous East Mountain Lithia flowing well, which 
rivals the famous Buffalo Lithia Springs for its purity and 
health-giving properties, is only two and a half miles from the 
station. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 



A STORY OF AN HISTORIC HIGHWAY. 




Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 

DOWN the valley of the Susquehanna, the scene 
of savage butchery never surpassed, once ran 
a great highway of an incipient nation, and 
along it was fought a harrowing campaign 
that eventually broke the back of Indian 
uprisings east of the Mississippi. 'Twas 
but a bit of a trail, packed by the mocca- 
sined foot of Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, 
Oneida, Cayuga and Tuscarora journeying 
southward from the strongholds of the Six 
Nations in search of game or plunder, or to 
make war upon the peaceful Delawares. 
Generations of redskins had trodden it before 
the first boat of the white man grated upon 
the beach of the New World. Over it marched the painted 
braves who made war upon John Smith in Chesapeake Bay 
when the fifteenth century yet was young. During that cen- 
tury and the next it was soaked with the blood of pilgrims 
toiling toward the golden west — the land of fabulous beauty, 
fertility and wealth. For three hundred years it has been 
making history, now of war, now of peaceful commerce. 

From camp-fires on the Mohawk this trail led southward 
through the depths of the virgin forest, following the Otes- 
quago, which drains a tiny lake perched at the very tip of a 
great watershed. Southward it continued to Lake Otsego, 
where council fires often burned ; still southward through the 
valley of the Susquehanna among the rolling hills of New 
York ; southward along the pathway cut by the surging 
waters deep into the towering mountains of Pennsylvania ; 
southward still through the plains beyond to the sea. Along 
it the Great Master painted a masterpiece — a picture of 
wooded hills ; of glistening lakes in settings of green : of 



SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 



rolling prairies ; of lazy streams winding adown avenues of 
reaching trees ; of towering mountains ; deep indented vales ; 
swift-running brooks tumbling, tossing, splashing, dancing 
against rocky ways, and leaping in flashing waterfalls in 
moss-grown, fern-filled glens ; of bold promontory frowning 
high above a sweeping river — a picture which the vandal 
never can mar. 

Connecting with this trail at the north, before the days of 
roadways and when rivers were the natural highways, was 
the old path from New England by way of the headwaters of 
the Hudson up the Mohawk. Over this adventurous hunt- 
ers from Connecticut found their way into the very heart of 
the Allegheny Mountains, They carried back such glowing 
accounts of the wonderful beauty and the fertility of the val- 
leys that hardy tillers of the ungenerous soil of New England 
sought this earthly paradise. Afoot, driving before them 
their horses and their cattle, wearily they made their way 
toward the valley of Wyoming. Protestant Germans, fleeing 
from religious persecutions in the Old World, had preceded 
them into the valley of the Mohawk, forming the settlement of 
Andrustown. Hardy Scotch already were tilling the bottom 
lands of the Schohaire. The new England idea was farther 
reaching ; the pilgrim fathers pushed on. Many found in 
the upper valley of the Susquehanna the ideal of their hopes. 
Others traveled on to the great flats in Pennsylvania. 

From the south came the adherents of Penn following the 
old trail from the sea. 

Both claimed the garden spot of the New World by vir- 
tue of purchase from the Indians, who, unused to the ways 
of the white man, sorrowfully watched the invasion of the 
domain for which they had fought through many years with a 
red foe from the north. Teedyuscung, chief of the Delawares, 
though grieving over the seizure of the lands of his tribe, 
yet was the friend of the whites who had taught him the 
Christian faith. He had seen two hundred of the New Eng- 
landers invade his territory, had watched them plant their 
fields and build their cabins, and, when winter approached, 
journey back toward the north. 

In the spring, after their return, treacherous emissaries 
from the Iroquois murdered the old chief in his wigwam and 
burned his body among its ruins. His warriors, attributing 
the deed to the whites, without warning fell upon the 
peaceful settlers. Twenty fallen men were scalped while 



SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL, 



panic-stricken women and children, protected by the men 
who had escaped, fled to the mountains through the Swamp 
of Death toward their old homes in New England. 

The valley was emptied of whites. 

Knowing that the sturdy Connecticut farmers would not 
thus yield up the fertile lands, Pennsylvania thought to fore- 
stall their return by taking possession of the valley. They 
builded a fort at Wyoming from which to resist the Indians 
and their own brethren from the north. Six years later a 
party of forty New Englanders, returning to the valley by way 
of old Susquehanna Trail, found the English in possession. 

From this time on through several years English and 
Yankee contended for the possession of the valley. Troops 
were hurried up the Susquehanna from Pennsylvania to aid 
the English ; companies came down Susquehanna Trail from 
New England to reenforce the Yankee ranks. Battles bloody 
and furious, more merciless than those waged by the red- 
skins, raged year in and year out with permanent victory to 
neither. While the struggle waged on field and in courts 
the Revolution broke and the Pennamite war ceased from 
the necessity of contending forces to join arms in the service 
of a liberty-seeking people. 

Out from the valley passed the bravest of the men to 
fight in the ranks of Washington. In fields labored the 
women and the children, commissaries for the army at the 
front. In the mountains others leached ashes for saltpeter 
and made gunpowder. The home guard and the few troops 
under old Zebulon Butler protected the settlements from 
invasions of the Indians. 

At the head of the old trail events were forming that were 
destined to make the highway of the Susquehanna the scene 
of moving Continentals and red-coated British. English 
generals were inciting the Indians to join with them, offering 
as inducement gold of the realm for each dripping scalp, 
Brandt, chief of the Six Nations and most powerful redskin 
of his day, was joining forces with the British. Barry St. 
Leger was moving toward Albany from Oswego with a large 
force of British regulars, Tories and Indians. Nathaniel 
Herkimer, at the head of his little force of Continentals, met 
him near Utica and in the battle of Oriskany several hundred 
Indians were slain. 

Brandt, stung by the slaughter of his warriors, began a 
warfare upon defenseless white settlements, aided and 



SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 




abetted by the British who associated with him under John 
Butler, The first attack was upon the patriotic settlers 
of Wyoming Valley. Down Susquehanna Trail, down the 
less prominent trails of the Unadilla and the Tioughannock, 
poured the Indians to Tioga Point, the juncture of the 
Chemung with the Susquehanna. From this point Indians, 
British and Tories descended the Susquehanna on rafts to 
the Wyoming Valley. 

The story of the Wyoming massacre needs no repetition. 
The treachery of the Tories within the American forts, the 
awful slaughter of the whites by the blood- 
thirsty Indians remembering Oriskany, the 
heroic fight of Zebulon Butler and his little band 
are familiar tales. A stately monument, visited 
each year by thousands, tells, on its simple mar- 
ble tablet, the whole story. 

Wyoming did not satisfy the Indians for their 

losses at Oriskany. It seemed only to whet the 

redskin thirst for blood. Later in the same 

year the savage horde passed northward over 

Susquehanna Trail, and Cherry Valley's awful story went 

into history. 

So appalling had become the massacre of the whites and 
so menacing the alliance of the Indians with the British, that 
the American generals deemed it necessary to carry an active 
campaign into the enemy's country. 

Susquehanna Trail was chosen as the avenue of the 
campaign. 

Command of this expedition was offered to General Gates, 
but he insolently refused it. General Sullivan then was chosen 
as the commander of the center which moved to the valley 
at Wyoming. Gen. James Clinton moved in by way of 
the Mohawk, descending the old trail. Gen. Daniel Brod- 
head moved forth from Pittsburg toward Fort Niagara, the 
avowed destination of the expedition. 

Sullivan spent the greater part of the summer in prepara- 
tions. Long before he reached Wyoming Clinton was at 
the headwaters of the Susquehanna. Travel was difficult. 
He devised a clever way of making it easier for his men. 
They dammed the river and constructed rafts, it being the 
intention to cut the dam at the proper time and sail to the 
junction of the Chemung on the flood tide. When marching 
time came the army passed down Susquehanna Trail, for the 



SUSQUEHANNA TR/. 



dam had gone out weeks before, flooding the valley and 
greatly astonishing the Indians. 

Sullivan and Clinton met at Fort Tioga at the junction of 
the Susquehanna and the Chemung, and prepared to march 
against a combined force of British, Tories and Indians, who 
for weeks had been rendezvousing at Newton, now Elmira, 
from Detroit, Niagara and the northern territory of the Six 
Nations. 

The campaign was to be one of destruction. The old 
Indian town of Chemung was the first met. It was 
destroyed to the last teepee, as were the acres of corn sur- 
rounding it. 

At Newtown the British were behind weak fortifications, 
thrown up with the purpose of deceiving the Americans, 
who were expected to follow the old Indian trail and fall into 
an ambush prepared for them. 

Sullivan was too old a soldier for the trap. He had the 
field carefully reconnoitered and the plan of battle carefully 
was laid. 

While the riflemen in front of the mock fortifications kept 
the British busy Generals Poor and Clinton moved their 
columns upon the enemy's left, while Colonel Proctor placed 
his artillery to command the entire British position. 

Three hours of hard fighting resulted in the repulse of the 
British. They retreated in disorder toward Lake Ontario. 

Sullivan's army followed with all possible haste, for 
it was not the intention that the campaign should come 
to an end with a battle that drove the British from their 
position on the Chemung. Indian settlements were to be 
burned, fertile fields of grain and burdened orchards from 
which the British army was receiving subsistence were to be 
destroyed. 

Sullivan's army did its work effectually. For three weeks 
it marched unmolested through beautiful Genesee Valley, 
destroying everything before it. The return journey was 
along Susquehanna Trail. 

This campaign broke the backbone of Indian uprisings 
in the eastern country. So terribly did the savages sulTer in 
loss of braves and property that from that day the British 
never could induce them to enter the war either in great 
numbers or with their old-time savage spirit. Future Indian 
uprisings remained for the savages of the west, who had 
had no lesson in the white man's mode of warfare. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



PITTSTON, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Pittston, scenically unrivaled in all America, was the 
very heart of the struggles between the settlers from Con- 
necticut and those from Pennsylvania for the possession of 
the Wyoming Valley. Situated at the junction of the Sus- 
quehanna and Lackawanna rivers it was a point of strate- 
NAY AUG TUNNEL, gical importaucc. This the Indians recognized before the 

NKAR SCRANTON. 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co 

advent of the whites, for here, at the foot of Campbell's 
Ledge, one of the most striking inland promontories in the 
world, they builded their village of Assernghny, using the 
top of the precipice behind as the site for their beacon fires. 
Here was the site of Fort Jenkins, erected by the hardy New 
Englanders in 1778. Directly across the river was Fort 
Ogden and the "Pittston Stockades." Just below was 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



Fort VVintermoot. Upon these forts the Indians of the Six 
Nations, under the command of the British general, John 
Butler, descended from Tioga Point, further up the Susque- 
hanna, to begin the tragedy which has gone down into his- 
tory as the Wyoming massacre. The last vestige of the forts 
long since disappeared ; but Monocacy Island, to which 
escaping occupants of the forts swam to be murdered in cold 




blood by their own brothers, still lifts its head above the 
waters. 

Queen Esther's rock, upon which the infuriated Indian 
princess had fourteen of the Americans murdered in retalia- 
tion for the death of her son in a recent engagement, is the 
object of great curiosity, and the credulous believe that a 
dark stain upon it comes from the blood of the slain. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



Here, also, was Sullivan's rendezvous before entering upon 
his campaign of devastation. 

Views from Campbell's Ledge can not be surpassed in 
any land. Standing like a grim sentinel, which in the Indian 
days it was, lifting its almost perpendicular banks hundreds 
of feet into the air, it overlooks three magnificent valleys. 
Away to the southward, now basking in the sunshine, now 
hid in the shadows, now disappearing behind mountain 
ledges, the Susquehanna glides like a glimmering serpent. 
From the northwest it comes tumbling down through the 
rocky pass in the towering hills. To the northeast stretches 
away the valley of the Lackawanna, with abrupt shores upon 
which perch countless giant machines that bring forth from 
the earth its dusky diamonds. As far as the eye can reach 
beauty vies with beauty, each trying, as do dames at a ball, 
to appear most attractive. 

Campbell's Ledge, too, has its history, of course. Dial 
Knob, it first was called, because its shadows accurately told 
the day. But that was before a mythical party named Camp- 
bell, pursued by the Indians, leaped over its precipice to his 
death on the rocks below. Here, too, was a mysterious 
spring that coated objects dipped in its waters with flakes of 
gold. A white boy captive saw an Indian chief lift a flat rock 
to uncover it and his tale has caused the expenditure of count- 
less labor and money in later day efforts to discover it. 

Bald Mountain lifts its venerable head for a background 
to this historic sentinel of the valley. A few miles up the 
Susquehanna Falling Spring pours its foaming waters over a 
bluff two hundred feet high. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on applicatioti accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

WYOMING, PENNSYLVANIA. 

This peaceful village, lazily basking in the sunlight of the 
present day, was the scene of the Wyoming massacre. 
Against a fort erected here by the Pennsylvania troops under 
General Ogden, in 1767, and captured later by Col. Zebulon 
Butler, the British, Tories and Indians under John Butler, 
hurled themselves on the morning of a beautiful July day in 
1778. The flower of the valley's manhood had marched 
away to the aid of the Continental army, and were following 
Washington in his days of trial, while Zebulon Butler and a 
small body of militia guarded the women and childr^eti at 



LACKAWANNA RESC 



home. Upon this pitifully weak garrison the British and 
Indians descended, forcing a surrender. Then came the 
massacre, incited, it is said, by Tories, who the day before 
had turned over the garrison at Fort Wintermoot to the 
enemy, without a struggle. The reds, maddened by rum 
that had been served to them plentifully, seeking revenge 
for the blood of brethren who had fallen in battle at Fort 
Stanwix, ruthlessly murdered helpless women and children, 
and mercilessly cut down the whites. Those who escaped 
the scalping-knife were driven into the wilds of the forest. 

On this old battlefield lay the bodies .of the slain for 
nearly four months, until Colonel Butler brought back a 
force for the purpose of burial. For years even the site of 
the common grave was lost beneath the plow-stirred fields. 
In 1832 the spot was located, and over it the descendants 
of the heroic little band have erected a massive granite 
monument. Upon this is a marble tablet which tells the 
story of the massacre in these words : 

" Near this spot was fought, on the afternoon of 
the third of July, 1778, the Battle of Wyoming, in 
which a small band of patriotic Americans, chiefly 
the undisciplined, the youthful and the aged, spared 
by inefficiency from the distant ranks of the Rebel- 
lion, led by Col. Zebulon Butler, with a courage that 
deserved success, boldly met and bravely fought a 
combined British, Tory and Indian force of thrice 
their number. Numerical superiority alone gave 
success to the invader, and widespread havoc, deso- 
lation and ruin marked his savage and bloody foot- 
steps through the valley. This monument, commem- 
orative of these events and in memory of the actors 
in them, has been erected over the bones of the slain 
by their descendants and others who gratefully ap- 
preciate the services and sacrifices of their patriotic 
ancestors." 

On another marble tablet are the names of one hundred 
and sixty-two of the men defenders of the fort who were 
thus butchered after their surrender. 

Wyoming is a pretty little town, with broad, shaded 
streets and pretty homes. On the leading street stands 
today a number of. tipsy houses. The back yards of these 
abandoned houses sank many feet not many years ago, due 
to the cave-in of a coal mine beneath. To the north of 



:ACKA WANNA RESORT^ 



Wyoming, reached by a delightful ride through a pretty 
valley, is the camp-meeting ground of Wyoming confer- 
ence. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



WYOMING MASSACRK 
lONUMENT. 




PLYMOUTH, PENNSYLVANIA, 

Plymouth was one of the first settlements in the Wyoming 
Valley, and was the abiding-place of the Shawnees long 
before the white man came down from the north over Sus- 
quehanna Trail. From their village the braves went forth to 
the famous "Grasshopper War" with the Delawares, which 
resulted in their being driven from the valley. While the 
braves of the Shawnees and the Delawares were on hunting 
expeditions the women and children of the former tribe 
crossed the river in search of berries and fruit. One of the 
children caught an enormous grasshopper. Delaware chil- 
dren, envious of possession, began a fight for it. The women 
of both tribes joined in the fray, and when the Shawnees 
returned from their hunting expedition they were incited to 
attack the Delawares in their camp on the present site of 
Wilkes-Barre, then Maugh-wau-wame. The invaders suffered 
serious loss and were driven northward to seek another 
abiding-place. 

This village also was the scene of one of the most des- 
perate fights of the second Pennamite war. 
This war, which was interrupted by the War 
of the Revolution, was taken up again imme- 
diately after the American supremacy over Eng- 
land. In 1785 a large force of Pennamites met 
a band of Yankees in the woods near Ply- 
mouth, and in the engagement several were 
killed and many wounded. The Pennamites 
were pursued to their fort, where they were 
besieged until the Yankees learned that a res- 
cue force was upon its way. They then moved 
forward and ambushed the invaders near the 
present site of Nanticoke. 

Plymouth also occupies a place in history 
as the point from which the first cargo of coal 
was shipped. In the fall of 1807 Abijah Smith 
purchased an ark which had been used for the 
transportation of plaster, floated it to Plymouth 



Copyrijjht, 190J, Detroit Photographic Co. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



and loaded it with fifty tons of anthracite coal. Late in the 
season this was landed successfully at Columbia. This 
probably was the first cargo of anthracite coal ever offered 
for sale in this or any other country. 

Plymouth is a city of about 12,000 people, beautifully 
located on the Susquehanna River. Its brick-paved streets 
are picturesque and inviting ; its hotels are good and its 
homes attractive. Electric street cars run from it to inter- 
esting points in the vicinity. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

FORTY FORT, PENNSYLVANIA. 

On the site of this picturesque river town was erected in 
1769 the first fort constructed by the hardy settlers of New 
England for defense against the Indians. It derived its name 
from the fact that there were just forty Connecticut settlers to 
build it. At the time of the advance against the valley by 
John Butler it had been strengthened and materially enlarged, 
so much so, that in it was placed the main hope of the settle- 
ment. The British Butler, in a report to his superiors, states 
that after the surrender of Forts Jenkins and Wintermoot he 
summoned Forty Fort to capitulate, but the commandant 
refused the terms proposed. Two days later the American 
commander, following ill-advised action of a council of war, 
marched out to meet the foe. He was led into an ambush 
and thirty-four officers and 268 privates were killed; the loss 
to the British, according to Butler, being three killed and 
eight wounded. The British commander must have had a 
premonition of the massacre which was to follow on the next 
day, for in his report he said : 

*' What gives me the sincerest satisfaction is that 
I can, with great truth, assure you that in the destruc- 
tion of this settlement, not a single person has been 
hurt of the inhabitants but such as were under arms ; 
to these, indeed, the Indians gave no quarter." 
Up to that time he reported that his force had " killed or 
driven off about 1,000 head of horned cattle, and sheep and 
swine in great numbers"; and had also taken "eight pali- 
sades, six forts, and burned about 1,000 dwelling-houses and 
all the mills." 

The site of Forty Fort is today intersected by the highway. 
There are no remains of it. It is said, however, that an old 



KA WANNA RESORTS, 



STARTED 
COAL MIN 
WYOMING 



TOWARD A 
E, 
VALLEY. 



log house in which a surrender was arranged still stands. In 
an old Methodist church, erected here in 1807, Francis 
Asbury and Lorenzo Dow did much to spread the Methodist 
faith throughout this region. 

Director}' of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

KINGSTON -- WILKES-BARRE - H ARVEY^S LAKE. 

These two historic towns nestle down at the base of moun- 
tains on either side of the Susquehanna River, a long bridge 
and fast trolley car connections making them really one, 
physically if not politically. 

Here w^as the first settlement of the Connecticut farmers, 
on Mill Creek. Here was the scene of the first Indian mas- 
sacre following the murder of the 
Delaware chief Teedyuscung, and the 
whole valley was emptied of every 
white within it. Here, in 181 2, was 
erected the first really artistic church, 
from the steeple of which rang out 
the peals of a bell cast in Philadel- 
phia the preceding year. On this, in 
Latin, was the inscription, "I will 
sound and resound unto Thy people, O 
Lord, to call them to Thy Word"; and for over a quarter of 
a century it pealed the knell of the departing day, and those 
within its reach covered their hearth fires and retired to rest. 
Here the Experiment, the first power boat on the upper Sus- 
quehanna, being propelled by poles set in motion by horse 
power, landed on its first voyage in 1824. Here, early in the 
nineteenth century, was established a ship-yard, from which 
was launched with great ado a sloop of twelve tons, the John 
Franklin. It reached the sea in safety, and Wilkes-Barre at 
once began to boom as a ship-building center. In 181 2 
another sloop of sixty tons was launched, and with great 
rejoicing christened "The Luzerne of Wilkes-Barre." She 
was dashed to pieces on her journey to the sea on the rocks 
at Conowago Falls — and Wilkes-Barre's dream of ship-build- 
ing was crushed. 

Just east of Wilkes-Barre, on a high mountain range, is 
Prospect Rock, the view from which, by many, is considered 
superior to that from Campbell's Ledge. Clarke thus de- 
scribes it : 




LACKA WANNA FESOPTS, 



"The panorama spread before the eye is mag- 
nificent—the valley with the beautiful Susquehanna, 
dotted with many a verdant island, winding through 
it ; the pleasant old villages, that lovingly cling to 
the banks of the river as if the stream which runs 
through them and links them together were a symbol 
of the beautiful chain of unity that in the former time 
bound them together against the common perils of 
the wilderness; the remembrances of these perils, 
which one sees in yonder monument ( for it is dis- 
tinctly visible ) , and beyond all these the threefold 
tier of mountain ridges that rise one above the other 
along the western sky ; one of them near at hand, 
with its well-defined form, while the other two peer 
from above with their blue tops, as from some other 
world." 

Kingston is mainly a city of homes, though on the out- 
skirts are some of the largest collieries in this world-famous 
anthracite region, the Woodward and Pettebone being among 
the greatest in existence. Wilkes-Barre is located on a 
plateau that extends nearly half a mile from the river bank. 
The drives are magnificent. Electric lines run in all direc- 
tions from the city. A magnificent public park, extending 
two miles along the river bank, is one of the finest in the 
east. Splendid public buildings and the homes of many of 
the coal barons add greatly to this beautiful city of over 
50,000 people. 

Harvey's Lake for many years has not only attracted 
from the larger cities, but has been the summer refuge of the 
residents of the historic Wyoming \'alley. It lies in the 
heart of the Blue Ridge Mountains, twelve miles from the 
city of Wilkes-Barre by an electric railway, at an elevation of 
1,255 feet above tide-water, and is the largest inland lake in 
the state of Pennsylvania. Its waters on every side lap the 
mountain edges, and its rugged picturesqueness defies 
description. Not in natural beauty 
alone does this inland lake excel 
most mountain resorts. Its waters 
are a natural hatchery for bass and 
pickerel. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding 
Houses, giving rates and complete infor- 
mation, will be mailed on application ac- 
companied by 2-cent stamp. 



AN OLD SETTLER 
OF WYOMING. 




LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 

NANTICOKE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Nanticoke was the scene of the ambush of the Penna- 
mite rescuers by the Yankees referred to under the story 
of Plymouth. Even at that time it was a prosperous village 
of the Nanticoke Indians, from which it takes its name. 
Stone thus describes the battle : 

" In ascending the bank of the Susquehanna, on 
coming to a narrow defile, naturally defended by a 
rocky buttress, they (the Pennamites) were suddenly 
arrested by a volley of musketry. An instant after- 
ward, the invaders discovered that the rocky parapets 
were covered with men bristling in arms — prepared 
for a Tyrolese defense of tumbling rocks down upon 
the foe, should their firearms prove insufficient to 
repel them. Taken thus suddenly and effectively by 
surprise, Plunkett retreated with his forces behind a 
point of rock for consultation. He next attempted 
to cross the river and resume his march on the other 
side. But here, too, the people of Wyoming had 
been too quick for him. The invaders were so hotly 
received by a detachment in ambuscade on the other 
side, that they were constrained to retreat, nor did 
they attempt to rally again." 
This was the last military demonstration on the part of 
Pennsylvania to drive from the valley the Connecticut 
settlers. 

Nanticoke is prettily perched upon the hillside, and is a 
city of about 15,000 inhabitants. An electric railroad con- 
nects it with Wilkes-Barre and other towns in the valley. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

HUNLOCK, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Passing Nanticoke the Lackawanna Railroad enters the 
mountain region along its route. The river cuts through a 
gorge in the mountains, which rise several hundred feet on 
either side. The coal-mine scenes have been left behind, 
and now only the glories of the hills and the river are to be 
seen. Here begins the fine fishing grounds of the river, and 
bass and pike, with now and then a huge salmon, are the 
delights of the sportsman. Hunlock is a quiet hamlet from 
which the farmers of the valley to the north do their ship- 
ping. A splendid road leads back to where there are ponds 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



and streams which abound in fish, and where immense quan- 
tities of lilies can be had. Rural scenes here are such as 
would delight an artist. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

SHICKSHINNY, PENNSYLVANIA. 
Bump, in his admirable description of the Susquehanna 
Valley, has this to say about Shickshinny : 

' ' The narrow mountain pass ends in a blaze of 
glory at Shickshinny, where five different spurs come 
to the river's edge and make their bow to each other. 
The village of Shickshinny is located in the hollow 
formed by two of these ranges, and through it runs 
Shickshinny Creek, which tumbles down a gorge 
with the echo of several waterfalls behind it. By 
some Shickshinny is said to mean in Indian phrase, 
' quick-dashing-water.' By others it is said to mean 
' where five mountains meet.' Both are apt guesses. 
At Shickshinny the river makes a sharp turn south, 
and so continues for six miles to Wapwallowpen, 
where it again swerves westward. The left bank for 
this six miles is closely bounded by the Wapwal- 
lowpen Hills, which terminate above the village of 
Wapwallowpen in a vigorous and grand rocky front, 
900 feet high, known as ' Pulpit Rock.' It is a fine 
outlook, for the mountains diminish below Wapwal- 
lowpen." 

Back in the valley beyond Shickshinny — the Huntington 
Valley — there is a fine stretch of farming country, and the 
creeks and runs have furnished many delightful seasons to 
the trout fisherman. It is a hospitable country, where the 
drives are excellent and the scenery grand. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BLOOMSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. 

While nearly all of the towns in this vicinity have 
associated with them memories either of Indian attacks, 
Pennamite war battles or the Revolution, Bloomsburg brings 
to the fore one of the Civil War. This town lies about three 
miles back from the Susquehanna on the banks of Fishing 
Creek. During the War of the Rebellion it was noised 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



HIGH BRIDGE, 
NEAR DANSVILLE. 



about that a number of Copperheads and some Confederates, 
who nad come down from Canada, had erected a fort on the 
bank of the creek and were planning to descend upon the 
loyal people of the valley. Hundreds of federal soldiers 
were hurried there, under command of Major-Generals 
Cadwallader and Couch. They failed to find the much- 
vaunted foe, but they did put in irons nearly fifty men who 
were dissatisfied with the draft law. 

Bloomsburg shows in its every section the impress of a 
prosperous town. It is the county-seat of one of the most 
prosperous of the agricultural coun- 
ties of the commonwealth. The 
streets are exceptionally broad. 
They are well shaded and graded 
and always in fine driving condi- 
tion. The town is lighted by elec- 
tricity. On a commanding hillside 
to the east of the town is located 
one of the best known of the state's 
normal schools, with commodious 
buildings and grounds. The town 
is well sewered, has a first-class 
water-works, and steam-heating 
pipes are run through the streets. 
A fine iron bridge crosses the river 
connecting with the rich agricultural 
section in the southern part of the 
county. Here connection is made 
with the Bloomsburg & Sullivan 
Railroad, which runs northward 
into the lumber regions of Sullivan 
County, passing through the Fish- 

Copynght.x9oo-; Detroit Photographic Co. -^^^ ^^^^^ ^^jj^^^ ^^^^ rcachiug 

Lake Ganoga. This is one of the paradises of Pennsylvania 
for the angler and the hunter, the mountain streams there- 
abouts being alive with trout. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 




CATAWISSA, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Catawissa is situated romantically along the north branch 
of the Susquehanna River in a "pocket" in the hills at the 
mouth of Catawissa Creek. Above and below are steep 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



bluffs, and in the rear rises the Catavvissa Mountains, from 
whose summit there unfolds a magnificent view of field and 
forest, plain and mountain, fifty miles in either direction. 

There was an Indian village here two hundred years ago, 
of which Lapackpitton, a Delaware, was chief. It is an old 
Quaker settlement and within its borders still stands an old, 
vveather-beaten meeting-house erected more than a century 
ago and still used by the Friends for their half-yearly meet- 
ings. This is said to be the first meeting-house erected 
between Wyoming and Sunbury. 

Pure mountain water, beautiful scenery and romantic 
drives are its principal attractions for summer visitors. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

DANVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Danville once held the front place as an iron-producing 
town. Its blast furnaces were big ones and the rolling-mills 
turned out thousands of tons annually of rails and merchant 
iron. The iron ore was mined in the hills close by and 
hauled to the furnaces. Now the ore mines are closed and 
the furnaces dismantled and in ruins, cheaper production of 
pig iron elsewhere causing this condition. But the rolling- 
mills continue in operation, and these, w^ith other industries 
since brought in, maintain the town at about the same plane 
that marked it in the heyday of the iron industry. On the 
hills near the town are yet seen the mansions of the iron 
kings, one of which, the Beaver residence, has recently been 
purchased by the Sisters of Mercy and is to be turned into a 
home for aged and friendless women. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

NORTHUMBERLAND, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Northumberland is a city of memories, haunting visions 
of the peaceful and war days of the redskins, of great dis- 
coveries in the field of science, of the spread of the Christian 
faith, of the development of the iron industry of America, 
of a hermit life following an awakening from a dream of 

love. 

Count Zinzendorf established a Moravian mission here ni 
1745. Shikellimy, father of the famous Mingo Logan, whose 
speech against the white man's cruelty of the redskins is 



ACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



familiar to every schoolboy, ruled a village here in 1728. 
Shamokin, " where gun-barrels were straightened," was an 
Indian village which took its name from the fact that the 
Moravians maintained near at hand a smithy where the red- 
skins' guns were repaired. Dr. John Priestly, discoverer of 
oxygen and founder of chemistry, had his home and his 
laboratory here. His body rests here in an old burying- 
ground on the slope of Montour's Ridge, back of the town. 
In 1874 American chemists assembled here to celebrate the 
discovery of oxygen. Near at hand, in the town of Sunbury, 
the first United States senator from Pennsylvania, Maclay, 
builded a home which still stands. The old Hunter mansion 
stands on the site of Fort Augusta, one of the chain of 
defenses erected during the days of the French and Indian 
war, and again garrisoned during the War of the Revolution. 
The magazine of the old fortress, named after the mother of 
George III., is now used as a cellar by occupants of a house 
standing over it. An old cannon from Fort Augusta was 
recovered from the river in 1798 and is now in possession of 
a fire company of Sunbury. 

Northumberland's position on the tongue of mountain 
land formed by the confluence of the west branch of the 
Susquehanna River with the main stream makes it one of the 
most beautiful spots in the Allegheny Mountains. In the 
united river waters, which, on account of a dam below, form 
a large lake here, is reflected the beauties of Blue Hill, which 
rises abruptly from the river edge over four hundred feet. 
On the face of this cliff the imaginative can see the likeness 
of the old chief Skikellimy. Upon its crest stood for many 
years a tower leaning at an angle of thirty degrees over the 
water. It was constructed by John Mason, who lived here 
the life of a hermit because of disappointment in love. The 
meeting w^aters are parted again by a picturesque island upon 
which is John B. Packer's model farm. Poet and historian 
have found soul-stirring beauty and interest here, and the 
artist has transferred to his canvas the gorgeous splendor of 
the mountains and the river. 

Northumberland is nicely laid out, with streets that are 
arched with shade during the summer. It has a splendid 
supply of pure mountain water, piped a distance of five 
miles ; electric lights and an electric railway connecting with 
Sunbury, two miles away. Several steamboats ply on the 
1 iver between the two towns, and furnish means for rides of 



LACKAWANNA I^ESORTS, 



several miles and to a fine pleasure ground at Island Park on 
Shamokin Island. Two miles from the town by a pleasant 
drive are lithia and sulphur springs, surrounded by cottages. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

HALLSTEAD, PENNSYLVANIA. 

Hallstead is one of the prettiest of the smaller towns on 
the upper Susquehanna, and like all settlements along that 
stream, it is rich in traditions of the Indians. Near here the 
river is quite narrow and from its bank tower up great cliffs, 
known to the early settlers as "Pictured 
Rocks." High upon these cliffs, at a point pr_ : 

seemingly inaccessible, was once the picture 
of a red chief in full war equipment. This , , 
faded with the years, but the red remained, 
giving to the cliff to the present generation 
the name " Red Rock." Associated with a 
tiny graveled point near the middle of the 
stream is another Indian story. Here, it is 
said, was once 
an island 
around which, 
on gala days, 
the savages 
used to race 
with canoes, 
the prize to 
the swiftest be- 
ing the honor 

of the position of chief of the fun-makers for the day. 
Hallstead is set amid the high hills, of which " Manotono- 
mee," the highest, is within a few rods. On this Du Bois, 
Consul-General of Switzerland, has constructed a number 
of quaint summer cottages. Teed, the artist, lives here, 
as did also Catlin, whose Indian studies won him fame. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



STONY BROOK FALLS, 
NEAR DANSVILLE. 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



MONTROSE AND HEART LAKE. 

From Alford, twenty miles west from Factoryville, a 
branch of the Lackawanna winds away for a score of miles 
through a mountain country that revels in beauty. On this 



LACKA WANNA RESORTS. 



OAL DUST AND 
READ. 




Copyright, 1900, Det 



twenty-mile trip the engine climbs over six hundred feet. 
My first trip over this line was made in the cab of the engine 
which puffed and groaned up the steep grades though the 
train consisted only of a couple of cars. The engineer 
assured me that the road was laid out along 
a trail in the snow made by the driver of an 
ox team who had lost his way in the forest. 
He assured me, also, that in rounding some 
of the rocky bluffs the locomotive turned 
square corners. He exaggerated a trifle, 
not much. The ride over this snake-like bit 
of track is a constant delight. Every turn 
reveals new beauties. Every new vista 
brings a surprise. Heart Lake, only a few 
miles from Alford, reminds one of the dainty 
silver ornament which dangles from the 
bracelet of a w-oman of fashion. Its silver 
surpasses that of the mines, however, and 
the setting of green forest and rocky shores 
adds greatly to its charm. It takes its name 
from its form — almost a perfect heart. 

Montrose perches in the very center 
and on the highest point of a moderately 
hilly and finely cultivated region, equal 
in area to forty square miles, and is sur- 
rounded on all sides by the hills of the 
tortuous Susquehanna River, and the 
mountain ranges of the Lackawanna. 
The outlook to these distant hills and 
mountains, and into seven or eight counties 
of Pennsylvania and New York, over the 
intervening region of forests, orchards, cul- 
tivated fields and pleasant agricultural homes, presents in 
every direction views of rural beauty and picturesque 
loveliness. 

A natural lake of about fifty acres lies at the foot of these 
hills on one side, while gently sloping down the other lies 
the village, with its im.posing courthouse and fine school 
building, its seven churches, its attractive village hotels, 
stores, and its many pretty homes, some of which are thrown 
open for the accommodation of summer guests. 

Charming drives lead in every direction to natural lakes 
and streams lying but a few miles distant, and these afford 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



excellent fishing. The water is pure, and the air is full of 
exhilarating, life-giving ozone. Here there are no fogs, no 
malaria, no sleepless nights. Montrose is within one hour 
of Binghamton and Scranton, six hours from New York, and 
seven from Philadelphia. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK. 

Binghamton, in one respect, may be likened to a maiden, 
a widow and a wife, for it has had three names in its century 
and a half of known existence. In its maiden days, when it 
was known as Otsiningo, it was the home of the "Three 
Nations," an alliance of the Nanticokes, the Mohicans and 
the Shawnees, though the country about was inhabited by 
the Tuscaroras. Its location at the junction of the Chenango 
and Susquehanna rivers made it easy of protection against 
the foes of the "Three Nations." The Tuscaroras, in 1785, 
sold it to the state of New York at the treaty of Fort Herki- 
mer, though the greater part of the surrounding territory was 
claimed by Massachusetts, which state voluntarily retired in 
1786 after the Hartford Convention. Land then was sold at 
the rate of 3 cents an acre. The first white settlers gave to 
the scattering houses on the site of a now populous city the 
name of Chenango Point. Its present name is due to the 
fact that William Bingham, one of the first senators from 
Pennsylvania, owned large tracts of land in the vicinity. 

Binghamton is now a city of 45,000 people, bespeaking in 
its rapid growth and development the activity, enterprise and 
energy of its citizens, and its innumerable advantages as 
a business center and a place of residence. It is a bright, 
modern, active and progressive city, beautifully located 
among stately hills, which make it and its environments 
most pleasing to the eye. The one hundred miles of streets 
are regularly laid out and for the most part broad, beautifully 
shaded and lined with attractive homes and substantial busi- 
ness blocks. Evidences of thrift, prosperity and contentment 
are seen at every hand. Improvements of all kinds have 
kept apace. Miles and miles of asphalt and brick pavements 
have been laid. A large number of prominent business 
blocks and public buildings have been erected during the 
past year. Prominent public institutions are the new Federal 
Building, State Hospital, two Orphans' Homes, two Homes 



ZKAWANNA RESORTS, 



COAV- BREAKER ON 
SUSQUEHANNA TRAIL. 



for Aged Women, State Armory, and the Commercial Trav- 
elers' Home. By reason of its situation there is no doubt 
that it is destined to become the metropolis of that extensive, 
fertile territory stretching along the southern border of the 
state from New York to Buffalo. Its rapid stride forward 
during the last twenty years may be taken as a sure indica- 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



tion of yet greater development to come. Binghamton as an 
objective point for excursionists is unexcelled, the beautiful 
surroundings, points of interest and unequaled pleasure 
resorts making it the Mecca of pleasure-seekers. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 
WAVERLY, NEW YORK, 



Waverly is one of an interesting triple alliance of which 
Athens and Sayre form the other factors. About these three 
and the country in the vicinity there is a wealth of interest. 
Here is Tioga Point, the rendezvous of the British, Tories and 
Indians before their passage down Susquehanna Trail for the 




Wyoming massacre, and later the meeting-place of Generals 
Sullivan and Clinton on their campaign of destruction, 
planned because of that awful slaughter. Here is Spanish 
Hill, about which clusters enough of story for a book. Upon 
the very tip of its two hundred feet of rock Spanish coins, 
dating back over the centuries, have been found and for years 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



historian and romancer have been explaining their presence. 
De Soto is credited with having stopped here on his way 
to the Mississippi ; Captain Kidd is said to have buried 
a part of his treasure here. A dread of this hill possessed 
the savages. Not a red man could be induced to climb it. 
According to their traditions a chief who ventured to its top 
was enveloped in clouds of smoke and returned with a sol- 
emn injunction to his people never to set foot upon it. 
Another chief who disobeyed the warning was seized and 
whirled into space by the Great Spirit who guarded its treas- 
ure. Near here was Queen Esther's village, upon which 
Sullivan's little army descended on its way to Newton, 
remembering the fourteen helpless settlers whom the Indian 
princess had watched die with fiendish glee at the rock at 
Campbell's Ledge, What they did to her was never known, 
but it is related that not a shred of the fiendish hag could be 
found after the departure of the troops. Here, in 1790, was 
the scene of the treaty between Colonel Pickering and the 
Indians, represented by Cornplanter and the famous Red 
Jacket. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

OWEGO, NEW YORK. 

"There are more romantic, wilder places than 
this in the world, but none on earth more habitably 
beautiful. In these broad valleys, where the grain 
fields and the meadows and the sunny farms are 
walled in by glorious mountain sides — not obtru- 
sively near, yet, by their noble and wondrous out- 
lines, giving a perpetual and wondrous refreshment 
and an hourly changing feast to the eye — in these 
valleys a man's household gods long for an altar. 
Here are mountains that to look upon but once 
' become a feeing ' — a river at whose grandeur to 
marvel — and a hundred streamlets to lace about the 
heart. Here are fertile fields, nodding with grain ; 
a ' thousand cattle ' grazing on the hills — here is 
assembled together in one wondrous center a speci- 
men of every most loved lineament of nature. Here 
would I have a home." 

Here Willis, the poet, did make his home, upon which 
the tourist may gaze today. Here, too. Senator Piatt was 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



born and -lived for many years before the exigencies of 
politics took him nearer to the law-making throne. Here 
Washington Gladden, famous divine, set type in a print- 
shop. Here Pumpelly, famous geologist, was born. Here, 
too, in the quiet cemetery is the grave of Sasana, who 
labored diligently for money with which to publish a 
Mohawk edition of the Bible. Over her grave a modest 
slab bears this inscription : 

SA-SA-NA LOFT 

BY BIRTH A DAUGHTER OF THE FOREST 
BY ADOPTION A CHILD OF GOD. 

Owego in itself is an attractive town of about five 
thousand inhabitants, with well-kept streets, and a pretty 
park. A diminutive steamer on the river runs to Big Island, 
a favorite spot of tourist and inhabitant. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

APALACHIN, NEW YORK. 

Apalachin, a pretty little village on the Susquehanna 
River, seven miles distant from Owego, is a great outlet for 
the Pennsylvania region, a stage running between it and 
Friendsville, Pennsylvania, touching en route Bear Swamp, 
Little Meadows and South Apalachin ; also South Owego, 
Warren Center, Middletown Center, Neath and other Penn- 
sylvania points. The fishing along the Susquehanna is 
excellent. Goat Island, one-half mile from the station, is a 
favorite camping-ground for summer pleasure-seekers. Near 
it is located the old home of the Rockefellers. Carmalet 
Lake, where trout are plentiful, is only seven miles away. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp 

ITHACA, NEW YORK. 

Nature has been more lavish with her gifts in the vicinity 
of Ithaca than in any other one place in the Empire state. A 
great lake, a magnificent region where health and happiness 
abide, and where the eyes of mankind feast until the soul is 
content and the mind is benumbed with bewilderment, are 
its unrivaled attractions. 

Ithaca has been called the ' ' region of cascades, ' ' and the 
name is certainly appropriate to the surroundings. The 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



GLEN NEAR 
DANSVILLE. 



hand of nature here busied itself to an unusual extent in 
carving out of the rocks the irregular crevices through which 
the silvery streams of crystal water plunge and turn until 
they reach their natural level. In addition are many ravines 
which have a peculiar interest attached to them. There are 
ninety-six falls by actual count, which vary in height from 5 
feet to 340 feet. One mile from the village is Ithaca Falls, 
160 feet high, or 7 feet less than Niagara. The width of the 
fall is 150 feet. Nine miles from Ithaca are the world-famed 
Taughannock Falls, that glory in being forty-eight feet 
higher than Niagara. 

All the falls are not directly within the town boundary, 
but there are fifteen close by, the height of each of which is 
over one hundred feet. It is generally conceded that Casca- 
dilla and Fall Creeks furnish the most enchanting of all the 
waterfall scenery. Taughannock Falls is the highest in the 
state, being 215 feet, while the rocks rise 145 feet above it. 
The falls and surrounding scenery are almost unapproachable 
for magnificence. 

Ithaca is situated at the head of Cayuga Lake, and has a 
population of 12,000. It is principally famous as the seat of 
Cornell University, founded by Ezra Cornell, whose idea is 
best expressed by his own words : " I would found an insti- 
tution where any person can find instruction in any study." 
The university has turned out many a learned scholar and 
is too well known to require a detailed description here. 

Cayuga Lake is one of the finest inland lakes that make 
central New York so famous as a summer resort. It is 
fifteen miles long, and reposes between high hills that 
stretch along its entire length and far beyond to the south. 
It is, also, one of the most magnificent lakes in this country, 
being clear and of great depth ; it abounds in most entranc- 
ing scenery. Lake fishing, which is always a delightful 
pastime, is here indulged in every sea- 
son by many enthusiastic fishermen, 
who invariably catch sufficient lake 
trout, bass and other fish, to convince 
them that old Cayuga Lake is the ver- 
itable Mecca of anglers. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, 
giving rates and complete information, will 
be mailed on application accompanied by 
2-cent stamp. 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Pliotograp 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



ELMIRA, NEW YORK, 

Elmira was the scene of the famous battle of Newtown, 
the fight which broke the back of the Indian uprisings east ot 
the Mississippi River, and in which General Sullivan wiped 
out the disgrace of the massacre of W'yoming and Cherry 
Valley. Rev. David Craft, a historian of some note, says of 
this campaign : 

" It was an expedition in which not only peculiar 
hardships might be expected, but it was one with 
scarcely a parallel in the world's history for the bold- 
ness of the design and the courage with which it was 
undertaken. Sherman's march to the sea has re- 
ceived and justly merits the applause of men for its 
daring and its success ; but this expedition was far 
more daring, and, if the loss of life and the ends it 
secured be taken into account, equally as successful 
in its execution and deserves first rank among the 
great military movements in our country's history." 
lust to the east, near the pretty station of Lowmansville, 
is the monument erected to the memory of Sullivan and his 

""""Tradition tells of the occupancy of the Chemung Valley 
earlier by far than that of the white men under Sullivan, and, 
perhaps, earlier than that of the Indians who had their pretty 
villao-es here. Near the outskirts of the city stands Fort 
Hill "guarding the river which flows by it through an exceed- 
ino-i; narrow and wild gorge. Upon its summit early settlers 
discovered the ruins of fortifications that bore no evidence 
of having been constructed by the redskins. Whoever occu- 
pied them safely guarded the river, for no boat could have 
passed without annihilation. On the battlefield of Newtown 
too are a series of ridges known as the " Hogbacks, which 
eminent authorities declared to be fortifications of some pre- 

^'' WitWrthe confines of Elmira was concluded the famous 
treaty between Colonel Pickering and the Indians, 1,400 of 
whom were present, represented by Cornplanter and Red 
Tacket A tree still waves in the breeze, branches under 
which," it is said, the terms of this historic treaty were con- 
sidered From Elmira southward down the banks of the 
Chemung and the Susquehanna ran an old post road to 
Wilkes-Barre before the days of the stage-coach, and alon^ 



LACKA WANNA RESORTS, 



CHEMUNG RIVER, 
NEAR ELMIRA. 



this same highway the lumbering coaches afterward traveled 
with their loads of passengers. 

Here, too, is the end of the historic Chemung and Seneca 
Lake canal, constructed just after the completion of the Erie 




Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



waterway. Capt. Eli Wheeler, inventor of the sleeping-car, 
was one of the first captains to sail this inland highway. 

Elmira also played an important part in the War of the 
Rebellion. It was one of the chief stations on the "under- 
ground railroad," by means of which so many slaves escaped 
from the south. Its present-day negro population is made 
up largely of descendants of the slaves who were harbored 
there. In 1861 it was one of the three military depots in the 
state of New York. Many regiments were recruited there 
and sent to the front. Here was a great military prison in 
which more than twelve thousand southern prisoners were 
lodged and guarded. Many died within its walls, smallpox 
carrying off nearly four hundred within a year. The bodies 
were laid to rest in a little cemetery, to which for years 
journeyed southern sorrowers seeking the bodies of loved 
ones. 

In an aristocratic part of the town stands a forlorn, 
tumble-down, weather-beaten building called the Hendy 
House, said to be the first erected in the Chemung Valley. 
In another part of the city is "Quarry Farm," the summer 
home of Mark Twain. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



Elmira has four public pleasure grounds, of which the 
most important is " Eldridge Park," in the northern portion 
of the city. This contains about forty acres, has a natural 
lake of crystal water half a mile in circumference, and many 
miles of fine drives and walks, pavilions, summer houses, 
a bear pit, and all the requisites of first-class pleasure 
grounds. 

In a business way the city is a hive of industry. The 
railways have great shops for construction and repairs, and 
thousands are employed in them. The advantages of the 
location which gives access to the territory about it have 
made Elmira the greatest railroad center in the interior of 
the state. As a consequence, and because of its nearness to 
the bituminous coal mines in its vicinity, factories of almost 
every description are established in 
the city. 

Electric trolley cars make all parts 
of the city easily accessible, including 
flourishing suburbs. 

The drives about the city and vi- 
cinity are famous for their beauty. 
For the pleasure-seeker the river fur- 
nishes bass fishing, and charming 
boating facilities and camping-grounds 
are numberless. Many cottages have 
been erected along the riverside above 
and below the city, while the splen- 
did clubhouse of the Country Club, 
with its golf links, is a summer para- 
dise. No interior city of the state combines more advan- 
tages for pleasure and for business than Elmira. Its rapid 
growth is the highest evidence of its position and resources. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



OLDEST HOUSE IN 
CHEMUNG VALLEY. 







Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic C 



WATKINS GLEN — REACHED FROM 
ELMIRA, NEW YORK. 
Watkins Glen, popular for nearly a century as one of 
nature's most magnificent freaks, is reached from Elmira. 
The glen which has attracted the tourists for so many years, 
is situated in the village of Watkins, Schuyler County, at the 
head of Seneca Lake. The village in itself is a pretty spot, 
but the Glen, of course, is the main attraction. 



LACKAWANNA RESOPTS. 



This Glen consists of a series of arcades, galleries and 
weird caves, and here and there silver cascades are to be 
found that impart a wonderfully romantic appearance to this 
romantic spot. 

Here human art stepped in to assist nature in exhibiting 
her marvelous store of wonders to the best advantage. 
Before any explorations could be made by tourists it became 
necessary to erect ladders, by means of which ascents could 
be made from one steep incline to another, and to cut path- 
ways in the rock. 

Probably the most beautiful of the attractions of this spot 
is Rainbow Falls, so called because at particular seasons, when 
the sun is in a certain position, it shines through the mist 
which emanates from the waterfall, causing it to assume all 
the colors of the rainbow. The other great attractions are 
Entrance Cascade, Trout Pool, Glen Alpha, Stillwater Gorge, 
Minnehaha Cascade, Fairy Cascade, Neptune's Pool, Cavern 
Cascade, Cavern Gorge and the Labyrinth. 

A delightful feature of the chasm is the wonderful coolness 
of the air. The sun never shines here, and very often on the 
hottest day a light wrap becomes a necessary adjunct to a 
tour of inspection. 

The air at Watkins is filled with the resinous odor of pine 
and hemlock. 

A sanitarium is near the Glen, and is a popular place for 
persons seeking invigorating air and a cool atmosphere. 

The view of Seneca Lake from the observatory is one of 
the grandest to be had anywhere. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

LOWMANVILLE, NEW YORK. 

Lowmanville, aside from its natural beauty, is of chief 
interest to the tourist because of its proximity to the Sullivan 
monument, erected to the memory of the soldiers who fell in 
the battle of Newtown. This monument was dedicated April 
29, 1879, the centennial anniversary of the battle. It stands 
upon an eminence six hundred feet above the level of the 
sea, at the base of Monument Hill in the midst of the scene 
of the very thickest of the fray. It is built of quarry stone 
and is over fifty feet in height. Neglected for years it is 
crumbling to decay, and unless some one becomes interested 
in it this historic relic soon will be level with the dust. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 




Already it has lost the tablet which told the story of the 

battle in these simple words : 

"Near this spot, on Sunday, the 29th day of 
August, 1779, the forces under Joseph Brandt were 
met and defeated by the Americans under the com- 
mand of Major-General John Sullivan." 
This slab fell from its position years ago and now only 

small fragments of it can be found. Two other marble tab- 
lets, one bearing the figures " 1779," the other the numerals 

" 1879," still remain. 

The top of the monument, which is reached by means of 

a spiral staircase, discloses a scene 

of great beauty, extending from 

the farthest limits of Elmira on the 

north to the village of Waverly on 

the south. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding 
Houses, -giving rates and complete infor- 
mation, will be mailed on application 
accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



HORSEHEADS, NEW YORK. 

During the return of General 
Sullivan and his little army from 
their campaign of destruction to- 
ward Lake Ontario the troops were 
obliged to dispose of many horses, 
upon which the heavy march had 
been particularly severe. The 
number was so great that the In- 
dians collected the skulls in one 
great heap. This spot was refer- 
red to as " the valley of the horses' 
heads," from which the town takes 
its name of Horseheads. It had 
another name years after when 
the Chemung and Seneca Lake 
canal was built. A feeder entered 
the main waterway at Horseheads, 
and because of its favorable loca- 
tion the operators of the canal 
established a toll station at that 
point. Horseheads, feeling its 



SULLIVAN'S 

MONUMENT, 

LOWMANVILLE. 









r>g^',.^^. 






Copyright, 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



new importance, changed its name to Fairport, to indicate 
its greatness as a water town. Eight years after the historic 
name was readopted. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding- Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

PAINTED POST, NEW YORK. 

This pretty town recalls another old story of Indian days, 
a story to which prominence is given by a red post, twenty 
feet in height, once surmounted by a sheet-iron Indian which 
turned with the wind, and by a fine bronze statue which 
stands upon a monument of stone in the center of the vil- 
lage. The treaty with the Six Nations, made in 1790 at 
Newtown, was unsatisfactory and another conference was 
called at Painted Post, which was centrally located as regards 
the valley of the Susquehanna and its tributaries and the 
Genesee. A high red post which could be seen for miles 
made the place particularly conspicuous and therefore desir- 
able as a meeting-place. Here the Indians gathered, but the 
treaty was not considered on that ground for the reason that 
Colonel Pickering could not get his boats beyond Newtown 
on account of low water. He went to Painted Post and 
prevailed upon the Indians to meet with him farther down 
the valley. As a result of this treaty the Indians took other 
grounds farther west, leaving the fair valleys of the Chemung 
and the Genesee to the whites. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BATH, NEW YORK. 

Situated at an altitude of over eleven hundred feet, Bath 
is one of the loveliest towns in New York state. It has a 
population of over five thousand, and is the county-seat of 
Steuben County. Here is located the old Steuben mansion, 
the former home of Baron Steuben, which building is now 
occupied by an exclusive club, comprising in its membership 
the leading business and professional men of the town. 

Bath is noted for its wide, shaded streets, excellent 
schools and churches, and the beautiful park which lies in 
the very center of the town, where band concerts are given 
in the evening, during the summer months, by the Soldier's 
Home band. 

The Cohocton River flows past the town and adds to its 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



picturesqueness. Facing the railroad station, on the oppo- 
site side of the river, is the Davenport Home, an institution 
founded by the late Ira Davenport, in 1865, for the care of 
the girl orphans of soldiers of the War of the Rebellion. 

Just out of the village is the state brook trout fish 
hatchery, which furnishes stock for the surrounding streams 
and lakes. At this hatcher>' the Mongolian pheasant, the 
most beautiful game bird on earth, is also propagated for 
stocking purposes. 

The New York Soldiers' and Sailors' Home is located 
one mile and a half northwest of the town, in a beautiful 
portion of the Cohocton Valley, and is a model institution 
in every respect. The principal buildings are three-story 
brick barracks, affording accommodation for 1,200 men, a 
spacious hospital with a capacity for 200 patients and attend- 
ants, a handsome building for headquarters, a chapel, an 
amusement hall, a greenhouse, boiler and engine house, 
laundry and bathhouse, and numerous workshops and 
storehouses. There is also a home store, a well supplied 
reading-room and library of 8,000 volumes. 

At Bath connection is made with the Bath & Hammonds- 
port Railroad for Rheims, Hammondsport and Lake Keuka. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



LAKE KEUKA, NEW YORK. 

Lake Keuka is justly noted as one of the most beautiful 
of all the lakes of the state of New York. Its situation is 
such that while the southern portion of the lake lies in the 
county of Steuben its Y-shaped forks, or northern extrem- 
ities, are in the jurisdiction of Yates County. Debarking 
from the cars at Hammondsport, at an altitude of eight 
hundred feet, the tourist gets a sight of Keuka' s placid sheet 
and vine-clad shores that will, in a 
measure, increase all the pleasant an- 
ticipations he had formed by reading 
and hearing of the " Champagne dis- 
trict of America"; for here, as no- 
where else in the United States, does 
grape-growing and wine-making en- 
gross the entire population. 

Within the ten miles of pleasant 
railway travel from Bath to Ham- 



LAKE KEITKA, 
NEAR BATH. 



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LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



moiidsport one begins to appreciate what is meant by the 
Keiika grape and wine district. To the newcomer the 
shades and colors of the vineyard in full leaf always call 
forth the delight of the eye as it includes the landscape. 
Here is "wine in pills," fresh from the vines ; and wine in 
cases, until one wearies of the sight. 

Indian tradition rests on the region. Red Jacket's sum- 
mering-place and his winter quarters are pointed out to the 
student of aboriginal story. That here he rested, fished and 
hunted is beyond successful contradiction, but no red trail of 
blood soils the ground nor resounding war-whoop echoes 
over this happy scene. Here the painted warrior laid aside 
his knife and weapons. Here of old, as now, was peace 
and repose. 

It is to the sportsman that Keuka presents the greatest 
attraction. Owing principally to America's greatest fisher- 
man, and to the generosity of local sportsmen in furnishing 
the means for stocking, these waters are celebrated. From 
all parts of the country enthusiastic fishermen come to 
lure from the depths fish which everywhere abound. Seth 
Green, the late veteran fisherman and United States Fish 
Commissioner, said: "I think Lake Keuka unsurpassed by 
any waters in America as a fishing resort. The purity of the 
water and the large amount of fish food contained in the 
lake tend to put the fish in the finest condition for the table 
and render them very strong and game when on the hook 
and line." Salmon trout and black bass abound here in 
abundance. 

The lake is twenty-two miles long. Steamers making 
close connections with trains bring the tourist to any portion 
of the lake, to the villas and cottages and the hotels, which 
are noted for their excellence. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

CORNING, NEW YORK. 

This city has gained fame for the extent and excellence 
of its manufactories, foremost of which is that of fine glass. 
In fact, Corning is the center of the glass-cutting industry of 
the United States, the highest award (The Grand Prize) at 
the Paris Exposition of 1889, having been awarded to an 
exhibit from this city. 

The people feel justly proud of their excellent schools 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



and fine churches. Connection is made with the Fall Brook 
Railway for points north and south, and by stage for Caton 
and Hornby. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

DANSVILLE, NEW YORK. 

Lackawanna trains, crossing Mill Creek Gorge, 130 feet 
above a sparkling trout stream below, round the ponderous 
shoulder of East Hill and reveal, like the quick turn of the bio- 
graph, 400 feet below, stretching out peacefully to the west, 
historic and world-famed Genessee Valley, with the beautiful 
village of Dansville covering its southern confines. The sud- 
den transition from the hills and glens of Steuben County to 
this bewitching panorama is almost startling. Veteran tour- 
ists assert that the Old World or the New reveals no fairer 
scene than this. 

The village of Dansville is well worth a visit. Its five 
thousand inhabitants are comfortably housed, have the finest 
water supply in the state, excellent schools, churches and 
business houses, good hotels, and a thriving trade. Its chief 
pride is a sanatorium on the hillside, where, surrounded by 
its numerous cottages, it benignantly overlooks the peaceful 
village below. Thousands of people testify to the physical, 
moral and generally helpful results of a sojourn at this insti- 
tution, which is one of the most accessible health resorts in 
the country. No town in the state is more delightfully situ- 
ated for the tired, worn-out city denizen to resort to for rest 
and recreation. Beautiful drives abound and well-equipped 
stables furnish the best of equipages. Wheelmen find excel- 
lent country roads and side paths for riding their silent steeds, 
and the lover of nature discovers her here in all her most 
charming revelations. Numerous glens and trout streams 
are within easy access, and the sportsman, in the fall, finds 
numerous covers, where grouse, quail, woodcock and rabbits 
abound. 

Stony Brook Glen, two miles south of Dansville, stands 
unrivaled as a unique specimen of nature's handiwork. The 
entrance, concealed by wooded hills, gives no hint of what 
lies beyond ; the visitor is amazed and delighted at the vista 
that opens up just beyond the entrance. Here is a great 
natural caiion more than a mile in length rent from the ever- 
lasting hills, with towering precipitous sides varying in height 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



LAKE KEUKA. 



from one hundred to three hundred feet of perpendicular wall. 
Stony Brook plunges down this narrow defile, making a 
descent of several hundred feet over a succession of beauti- 
ful cascades. Substantial walks, stairs and bridges make a 
tour of the glen safe and comfortable, and convenient picnic 
tables in charming groves invite visitors to stop and spread 
their lunch. There are also dancing pavilions, a flowing 
gas well and other attractions to augment the comfort and 
pleasure of the visitor. Midway up the glen a railroad crosses 
on an iron bridge that is the highest railway viaduct in the 
state. A good cycle path connects Dansville with the glen. 




Culberson Glen is a beautiful place for a day's outing. 
Three miles north of Dansville, on the main highway, it 
offers unexcelled natural attractions for tourists. Nature 
rules here unadorned, and the works of man are absent, 
except the great iron bridge of the Lackawanna that spans 
it far above the stream. The roar of the trains, mellowed 
by distance, mingles with the sound of the falling water as 
the stream plunges over the heights of Paterson Falls. 

Two miles southwest of the town Canaseraga Creek 
breaks through the barrier of hills, cutting its way through 
the rock formation and debouching into the Genesee Valley. 
The canon is just wide enough for the creek and roadway, 
and after getting through between the perpendicular cliffs of 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



Poag's Hole the road enters Pleasant Valley, which is rightly 
named. Here fruit and vegetables grow in profusion. 

A climb up East Hill is always a paying effort. The hill 
is steep and lofty, the summit being one thousand feet above 
the town. But the road is good and the view one long to 
be remembered. Across the valley rise the Ossian Hills, 
with the swelling eminences beyond the Genesee River in 
Wyoming County showing dim and blue in the west. The 
valley at one's feet stretches far and away to the north and 
northwest, like a great checker-board, and the range of vision 
is limited only by the horizon. Such a peaceful, lovely scene 
is good for tired eyes and brain. It stands unsurpassed. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

MOUNT MORRIS, NEW YORK. 

Mount Morris is on a table-land south of the Genesee 
River, and commands a magnificent view of the valley. 
From this point the river winds its way across the famous 
Genesee flats, toward Rochester, about thirty-five miles 
to the northeast. At the west may be seen the com- 
mencement of the High Banks, noted in history for the 
ravages of the red men. Mount Morris is a noted resort for 
people from Buffalo and New York city, and in summer 
they collect here in large numbers. A huntsman's club has 
been formed, conducted on lines similar to the " Meadow 
Brook" and other kindred clubs. Periodical "runs" are 
among the most exciting scenes that enter into the season's 
gaieties. Bass fishing in the Genesee River is excellent. 
Drives from Mount Morris to Genesee and other surround- 
ing villages over excellent roads are interesting, and the 
views are unsurpassed. 

Directory of Hotels atid Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

COHOCTON, NEW YORK. 

From Cohocton fine level roads run up and down the 
Cohocton Valley, for driving or wheeling, with picturesque 
and romantic scenery on either side. Cohocton is the nearest 
railway station to Loon Lake, reached by a four-mile drive 
through a perfect panorama of delightful scenery. The lake 
itself is a beautiful little body of water, where great white 
and yellow water lilies are found in profusion. Fishing is 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



GENESEE VALLEY, 
NEAR DANSVILLE. 



good. Board can be secured at very low rates, and being in 
the " Garden of the World" — a name given to this portion 
of New York state — plenty of fresh milk, butter, eggs, 
vegetables and fruits, is assured vacationists. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

WAYLAND, NEW YORK. 

Wayland, at an altitude of 1,361 feet above the sea, is 
beautifully laid out and is the center of a region rich with 
prosperous farms and replete with picturesque scenery. It 
is an ideal town in which to spend the summer months. 
Loon Lake is situated about four miles from here and Hune- 
lock and Canadice Lakes about eight miles, by fine wagon 
roads. Good rigs can be had at low rates. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BUFFALO, NEW YORK. 

It is expected that the census of 1900 will show the city of 
Buffalo to have a population of nearly or quite 400,000. In 
arrangement the city is somewhat the shape of a fan, widely 
opened. The chief business center is near Lake Erie, north 
of the Buffalo river. From this center broad streets radiate 
north, east and south. The city contains forty-two square 
miles, or 25,000 acres. The electric street railway system 
is unexcelled by that of any city in the world. 

Its commercial importance is shown by the fact that it 
ranks as the fourth shipping city of the world. 

The summer climate is 
tempered by the cool, re- 
freshing breezes that blow 
from Lake Erie almost con- 
tinually. Hot nights are 
almost unknown in the city 
and the temperature during 
the day seldom rises to the 
same degree as other cities 
of the same latitude. 

Within thirty minutes' 
ride from Buffalo is the city 
of Niagara Falls, with its 
mighty cataracts, whose 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS 



fame is world-wide, and the greatest electric power plant 
on the globe. Below the Falls is the Niagara Gorge and 
the wonderful rapids and whirlpool, then the broad, deep, 
swirling rivef, majestic and picturesque, from whatever 
view-point seen, moving always with impressive silence 
onward to the great lake beyond. 

The Buffalo and Niagara Falls Electric Railway runs within 
one block of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western station 
and lands passengers directly at Niagara Falls. Cars are 
run under fifteen minutes headway, passing through the 
principal streets of the city, affording a view of its finest 
buildings. 

Passengers holding tickets via the Lackawanna Railroad 
and its connections are privileged to stop over at Niagara 
Falls without extra charge. This affords an excellent oppor- 
tunity of viewing the many wonders of this famous cataract, 
which people come from all parts of the world to visit. This 
stop-over may be for any length of time from one to ten 
days — not exceeding the latter. 

Passengers desiring stop-over should notify the conductor 
before reaching Buffalo and Niagara Falls of this fact, and 
he will inform them as to the necessary steps to take in order 
to have tickets validated for this stop-over. 

Several steamboat lines cross the lakes from Buffalo, run- 
ning to all points. The steamers are floating palaces and 
are extensively patronized by tourists during the summer 
months. 

Next year, on account of the Pan-American Exposition, 
Buffalo will be the mecca of hundreds of thousands of trav- 
elers. Of the plans for this gigantic pleasure-ground //ar- 
pev' s Weekly in a recent article by Marrion Wilcox, had to 
say : 

"The site chosen for the Pan-American Exposi- 
tion is a tract adjoining Delaware Park, lying imme- 
diately north of Buffalo's finest residence district, 
and including the park lake, with its islands and 
wooded banks. The natural features suggested the 
creation of beautiful and brilliant effects. Already 
the Committee on Plans and the Advisory Board of 
Architects have promised wonderful fountains, new 
'enchanted lakes,' the use of all color possible in 
the treatment of exterior surfaces, a great deal of 
sculpture, a 'Midway,' a great stadium for the 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



games and sports of the world, and such applica- 
tions of electricity as the world has never seen. 
Electrical power, generated at Niagara Falls and 
carried over cables to the Exposition grounds, is to 
work the miracles as well as do the drudgery. W^e 
are to have an ensemble which will suggest the luxu- 
rious South in its rich coloring and free ornamenta- 
tion even while displaying the latest achievements 
of the strenuous North. 

And a particularly fascinating idea is still to be 
mentioned. With the object of illustrating progress 
in civilization and the industrial arts, by a compari- 
son of Americans of today with the aboriginal 
inhabitants, the several republics and colonies will 
be urged to bring to Buffalo a village of aborigines 
from their own territories, and place them on the 
grounds ' in a manner which will show their native 
habits of life, customs, occupations and industries ; 
their religious rites, their means of warfare and nav- 
igation, and such ethnological collections as shall 
connect the present with the prehistoric past.' Vil- 
lages of the native tribes of North American Indians 
will also be shown." 
The Lackawanna Railroad, during the Exposition, will 
land passengers who desire such service, in the great rail- 
road terminal on the Exposition grounds. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD 



A STORY OF OSWEGO. 





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four names 



FAMOUS collector of books 
and curios, resident in Os- 
wego, New York, has in his 
possession a certain curious 
medal. It was issued in 1758, 
by Louis XV. of France. 
The obverse bears the some- 
what flaccid profile of that 
monarch, and the boastful legend, " Impera- 
Ruler of the World ; on the reverse are these 



4 



Wesel, Oswego, Port Mahon, St. David. 

By this token we are reminded that a century and a half 
ago the little city on Lake Ontario was accounted by the 
king of France one of the four pillars of his kingdom. At 
that time, it will be remembered, Louis' affairs were at the 
full tide of success. Everywhere his armies had carried his 
Lilies to victory. The fortified town of Wesel had with- 
stood, with honor, a furious siege, confirming his mastery of 
the Rhine. Port Mahon (Minorca), the most important 
fortress on the Mediterranean, v\as his by right of capture. 
In India the intrepid Count Laly had taken St. David, then 
the strongest place in the far east. Far away, across the 
Atlantic, Montcalm, soon to exchange life for immortality on 
the Plains of Abraham, had driven the English out of 
Oswego, strategic key to the St. Lawrence ; to the Great 
Lakes ; to that boundless dominion. North America. 

Such a succession of victories might well have inspired a 
less arrogant king to boastfulness. Louis XV. saw his 
standards floating at the four corners of the earth and struck 
this medal, which is now treasured as a curio ; a souvenir of 
departed greatness. 



ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD. 



TYPICAL NORTHERN 
NEW YORK RIVER. 



But Louis did not overvalue the importance of his vic- 
tory at Oswego. It was an event which, properly followed 
up, might have changed the history of America. Fifteen 
hundred English were captured by the victorious Montcalm, 
besides seven vessels of war and one hundred and thirty- 
nine guns. The British flags, having been carried in 
triumph through the streets of Montreal and Quebec, were 
hung in the cathedrals as thankful offerings. The Abbe 
Piquet, a zealous priest accompanying the French army, with 
his own hands planted on the smoking ruins of the forts a 
cross, bearing the words, "In hoc signo vinces." The key to 
the St. Lawrence, to the Great Lakes, to the Western world 




was in French hands. " Minorca is gone," wrote " Horry " 
Walpole to his friend Horace Mann — " Minorca is gone; 
Oswego, ten times more important than Minorca, is gone. 
The nation is in a ferment." 

But the French triumph was short-lived. Having de- 
molished the forts at Oswego, Fort Ontario, Oswego Old 
Fort and Fort George, the victors moved away and suffered 
the place to relapse into English control. The stirring 
events of the next three years are written large on the pages 
of American history. They culminated on September i8, 
1759, ii^ the fall of Quebec, "the solstice in the ecliptic of 
modern institutions, since it secured America for English 
institutions and American civilization, to dominate the 
world." "It supplied to the United States," says the 



ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 



historian Parkman, "the indispensable condition of their 
greatness, if not of their national existence." 

Oswego was the base of the British operations against 
Montreal and Quebec and also the scene of many a bloody 
encounter during these eventful years. At the mouth of the 
river, between the reconstructed forts where now the stars 
and stripes float over a scene of peace and 
prosperity, Lord Amherst embarked with no 
less than ten thousand redcoats and one thou- 
sand three hundred Indians — the greatest 
army at that time ever seen upon this continent. 
It was from Oswego that Sir William Johnson, 
with one thousand Indians^^ and General Pri- 
deaux, with two thousand white troops, set out 
upon his long and successful siege of Fort 
Niagara. During their absence General Hali- 
mand sustained an almost continuous siege by 
the Chevalier de la Corne, who vainly strove 
to recapture the Oswego forts. To this day 
muskets, cannon balls and other relics of 
those "dark and bloody days" are occasionally 
found at the bottom of the Oswego River or 
upon its banks. 

Nor was the preeminence of Oswego in 
these stirring events of the eighteenth century 
by any means fortuitous. For centuries — perhaps ages — 
before, the place had been an entrepot of commerce or a 
stronghold in war. It was designed by nature to be the 
focus of great events. The name itself tells something of 
its history. Oswego is the English perversion of Chueguerf, 
which in turn is the French version of the Iroquois Osh- 
wakee — the "Flowing-out of Waters." 

That is it — the "flowing-out of waters." Into the deep 
bosom of Ontario, loveliest of the sisterhood of great lakes, 
Oswego River pours the limpid waters of the manifold inland 
lakes and rivers, caught from the fertile hills of central New 
York. Here was the home of the Iroquois, those " Romans 
of the New World," intrepid, ambitious, cunning, relentless. 
Eastward and southward their canoes found ample water in 
lake and river to the Mohawk, which, leading to the Hudson 
at Albany, showed the way to the sea. Oswego River car- 
ried them northward to Ontario, where, in peace or war, they 
met the Ottawas, Nippissings, Wyandottes. A short journey 



ON LAKE ONTARIO. 




ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 



OSWEGO BAY, 




eastward found the giant St. Lawrence, a noble highway, 
strewn with fairy islands, guarded by rocky banks, through 
the great empire of Quebec. 

It was inevitable that the pioneers of New France — 
what heroes, what martyrs were of the number ! — following 
Jacques Cartier in his glorious march, should find this lovely 

"outpouring 
of waters ' ' on 
the southern 
shore of On- 
tario and dis- 
cern the ad- 
vantages of 
its p o s i t i o n . 
They found 
it, and the 
traces of 
their occupa- 
tion remain 
today after 
centuries of varying fortunes. As long ago as 1615 — five 
years before the Pilgrim Fathers landed at Plymouth Rock — 
the brilliant Champlain lingered at Oswego on his expedition 
against the Iroquois, with sword and cross. The patient 
and intrepid soldiers of Ignatius Loyola followed soon. In 
1655 the Jesuit Father Claude Dabion, leading an expedition 
to effect a settlement among the Onondagas, found an infant 
settlement at the river's mouth. Thirty years later Count 
de Frontenac, Governor of Canada, made Oswego his base 
of operations against the Iroquois. His stockade was prob- 
ably the first regular fortification erected there. 

By the beginning of the next century a thriving colony 
had grown up on the site of Frontenac' s stockade, and the 
English colonists, under the protection of Governor Burnett, 
were doing an extensive business in hides and peltries 
bought from the Indians. Governor Burnett, in 1727, 
erected on the west bank of the river a redoubt of masonry 
fdrty-five feet high and sixty by thirty feet. This was known 
as Oswego Old Fort, and later as Fort Pepperell and Fort 
Chueguen, or Oswego. The site has been marked by the 
state historical society by a handsome bronze tablet. 

Governor Burnett's fort was regarded by the French as a 
distinct violation of the Treaty of Utrecht, and the Marquis 



ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD. 



of Beauharnais, Governor of Canada, demanded its evacua- 
tion. The diplomatic governor referred the question to 
London and for a time avoided the direct issue of force. 
But the storm was bound to break. Soon thereafter began 
the struggle between the two great powers of Europe for 
control of Oswego and mastery of the North American 
continent. Thousands of lives were lost on both sides. 
Neither combatant disdained to make use of the cruel and 
treacherous redskin, and barbarity was added to the horrors 
of civilized warfare. 

For thirty years the struggle raged. Thousands of lives 
were lost and both sides of the beautiful river were soaked 
with blood. Besides the immediate neighborhood of the 
fort, Battle Island, Pathfinder Island and many another lovely 
spot, now the delight of the tourist, were scenes of violence 
and carnage. 

Fennimore Cooper has given the region to immortality. 
With his delightful novels in hand one may still trace along 
the river's bank and its beautiful islands the footsteps of the 
Pathfinder, of Jasper and of Mabel. 

After their victory at Quebec the English held undis- 
puted possession of Oswego until the War of the Revolution. 
In 1766 Pontiac, the Napoleon of the Ottawas, having at 
length ceased to harry the outposts of the paleface, came to 
the ' ' outpouring of waters ' ' by Lake Ontario and smoked 
the pipe of peace with the Iroquois chiefs and Sir William 
Johnson. This event also was commemorated by medals, 
which were given to Pontiac and his braves as " a pledge of 
peace and friendship." 

During the great rebellion of the colonies against the mother 
country Oswego stood at one side, removed from the center of 
activity. Colonel St. Leger, in July, 1777, moved up the river 
with two thousand white men and reds, for an invasion of the 
Mohawk \'alley, his purpose being to cooperate with the ill- 
fated Burgoyne. He met the Americans at Oriskany and was 
defeated after one of the bloodiest battles of the war. Fort 
Ontario, which the English had 
erected across the river from the * ' Old 
Fort," was thereafter unoccupied for 
a season, and, in July, 1778, the 
Americans destroyed it. Later it was 
restored, to become the object of an 
expedition dispatched by General 



FALLEN GREATNESS. 




ONCE A PILLAR OF THE WORLD, 



PATHFINDER ISLAND. 
OSWEGO RIVER. 



Washington under Colonel Willett. This was in January, 
1783, and was perhaps the last military movement of the 
Revolution. It failed, owing to the extreme cold. 

For twelve years following the peace of 1783 Fort Onta- 
rio, though nominally part and parcel of American territory, 
remained under the British flag. Not until July, 1796, did 
the English evacuate this American city. The causes of this 
delay are too long to be enumerated here. They formed the 
subject of a long and irritating diplomatic correspondence 
and of much bickering at Paris and Versailles. Washington, 
in his last message to congress, speaks of this "necessary 
procrastination" in terms which leave no doubt that there 
was much to be said on both sides. 

In the war of 18 12 Oswego was captured by a British 
fleet of eight vessels from Kingston, carrying two hundred 




and twenty guns and three thousand men, under Sir James 
Yeo. The invaders landed and destroyed the fortifications. 
This was in May, 1814, and for twenty-five years thereafter 
the fort lay in ruins. Congress ordered the restoration of 
Fort Ontario in 1839. It has been occupied almost contin- 
uously by American troops ever since. The fort occupies a 
sightly eminence on the east bank, overlooking city and 
harbor. 

I Company, of the Seventh Infantry Regiment, under 
Captain Howell, are the present occupants. Daily they 
mount guard over a scene now as peaceful as beautiful, 
but which for centuries was the center of a contest hav- 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



ing for its stake the mastery of a continent ; the Hberties 
and the destinies of a great nation — perhaps even all of 
mankind. 

OSWEGO, NEW YORK. 

F'evv summer resorts have been so richly endowed by 
nature as Oswego, terminal of the Delaware, Lackawanna & 
Western on Lake Ontario. This city of 25,000 inhabitants 
is beautifully located on both sides of the famous Oswego 
River where it empties into Lake Ontario. 

The splendid old forests have been supplemented by 
modern planting, so that the city is fairly embowered in 
great trees of beech, maple and elm, which shade the wide 
and pleasant streets, and give a lovely setting to the stately 
residences which betoken the great wealth of the com- 
munity. 

Lake and river combine to make the climate all but per- 
fect. Physicians have found the climate of Oswego particu- 
larly beneficial. The health reports, which indicate the 
lowest death rate in New York state, tell the story in official 
terms. No city of its size is more free from disease. 

There is an abundance of sport of every variety. A 
large and thriving yacht club is maintained by the citizens, 
who vie with each other in the beauty and fleetness of their 
craft. The southern shores of Lake Ontario are famous for 
their beauty. The land rises in imposing " bluffs, " thickly 
wooded, and these alternate with bewitching bays, which 
form natural harbors of perfect security. In the bays the 
lovers of sport have erected numerous hotels, where the 
yachtsman, fisherman or gunner finds welcome. 

The Oswego River is ideal for rowing, canoeing and 
fishing. Its course is picturesque. Islands, large and small, 
vary its surface. Battle Island and Pathfinder Island, a few 
miles above Oswego, are famous in both history and 
romance. With Fennimore Cooper's novels in hand the 
tourist has a perfect guidebook to the region. 

Pickerel, black bass and other game fish abound in the 
Oswego River. In the smaller streams near by brook trout 
lure the expert with the fly to even more delightful sport. 
The bays of the lake are also full of fish, and during the 
entire season are scenes of active sport. 

For riding and driving inviting regions are to be found 
everywhere. 

"Fruit Valley," just outside the city, is an enchanted 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



region during the summer season. Oswego fruit, and espe- 
cially Oswego strawberries, are famous. From any one of a 
number of hills, a panorama of orchards and berry fields 
extends for miles in every direction. In the early season 
the valley is clothed in the pink-and-white of apple and pear 
blossoms — a delightful picture. 

The valley is dotted with pretty villages where boarders 
can find accommodation in the comfortable cottages at rea- 
sonable rates. 

Golf-players will find in Oswego some of the finest links 
in the state. 

The hotels of Oswego are commodious and comfortable, 
and their rates, in and out of season, are reasonable. 
Numerous boarding-houses of good quality receive guests 
at even lower prices. The "summer prices" for horses, 
carriages, boats, and every requisite of the ' ' summer 
resorter," will be found to be on a much more moderate 
scale than obtains at most resorts. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



FORT PEPPERELL 

IN 1727. 



SYRACUSE, NEW YORK. 

In 1793 Syracuse was a small edition of a dismal swamp. 
The surrounding hills were covered with an impenetrable 
forest. Indians occupied scattered cabins, chills and fever 
prevailed, and the only inducement held out to a settler of 
any color was salt. Salt made Syracuse as much as gold 
did California. The sun was the original manufacturer. 
Oozing from the black marsh soil the brine crystallized 
under the rays of our luminary and the Indians supplied 
their limited wants by gathering it off the ground. 

The locality was known to the French as early as 1645, and 
a Jesuit priest. Father Lallemount, wrote about it. In 1788 
the first salt kettle was put there by Colonel Tyler. It held 
fifteen gallons. Asa Danforth, in company with Colonel 
Tyler, began making salt the same year. He came from 
Onondaga Hollow and carried the five-gallon iron kettle on 
his head, using a portion of his cloth- 
ing for protection. James Geddes 
commenced making salt in 1793 at 
the place now called by his name. 
The region, however, was declared 
to be state property and various 




From an old woodcut. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



legislative enactments were made with reference thereto. 
Judge Freeman is considered the founder of Syracuse. He 
foresaw its future greatness and persevered under great 
discouragements in making improvements and inducing 
people to remove here. The canal of course gave the place 
a great impetus. The first packet was run April 20, 1820, 
and a postoflfice was not established until that year. Lafay- 
ette visited here in 1825. A city charter was granted in 1846 
and in 1839 the population was 16,000. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

JAMESVILLE, NEW YORK, 

Few villages can excel Jamesville, with its five hundred 
inhabitants, in legendary romance, or beauty of scenery. 
Here, long before the advent of the white man, w^ere held the 
councils of the five nations of Indians with the ceremonies of 
their pagan rites, and from here departed the legendary Hia- 
watha on his long journey. In the year 1669 came the black- 
robed Jesuit ^Missionary Le IMoyne and a number of French 
colonists, who erected a chapel and established the first 
settlement in central New York. For a number of years 
those brave missionaries labored for the spiritual welfare of 
the savage, only to succumb to the tomahawk. The scenery 
is unsurpassed for its beauty and grandeur. Nowhere in the 
whole world has nature been more lavish in her wonder- 
working than in the chasms, caves, waterfalls, underground 
streams and bottomless pools of this vicinity. The famous 
Kai Yah Koo Lake and Green Lake, the puzzle of the geolo- 
gists, circular bodies of transparent water of unknown depth, 
without outlet or inlet, above and around which tower lime- 
stone cliffs two hundred feet in height, and several famous 
caves and ice caverns abounding in stalactites being not 
among the least of the attractions. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

TULLY» NEW YORK. 

Tully, with an altitude of nearly 1,300 feet, is located in a 
valley abounding with landscape scenery, an invigorating air 
and healthful climate. The drives, in any direction from the 
village, abound with the picturesque. Three miles east of 
the station is the wonderful Labrados Lake, surrounded by 
high woodland hills, the scenery of which is awe-inspiring 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



GLIMPSE OF THI 
KRIE CANAL. 



and romantic. A short distance from the lake may be found 
Tinker Falls, where pleasure-seekers can spend days amid 
the most picturesque scenery. To the west and south of the 
village are a chain of beautiful lakes, abounding with fish 
and surrounded by groves. A drive of one hour to the west 
brings the pleasure-seeker to the shores of Otisco Lake, 
while a drive of one hour brings him on the top of the 
renowned and historic Pompey Hill. 

Tully Lake Park, an ideal spot for those seeking rest and 
comfort, is a summer resort situated two miles from the 
village of Tully. It borders on the shores of the largest of 




a chain of seven lakes, which have been lavishly bestowed 
by nature. Here are about thirty cottages, owned by resi- 
dents of Syracuse, Rochester, Binghamton and New York 
city; besides a well-appointed and well-managed hotel, with 
rooms for.the accommodation of over one hundred guests. 
Every pastime known can be indulged. The lakes, well 
stocked with bass, pickerel and perch, are the delight of all 
anglers. Sailing, canoeing, baseball, lawn tennis, golf and 
many other pleasures are indulged to a great extent. The 
finest of fresh-water bathing is another one of the attributes 
which makes Tully Lake Park far-reaching in its diversity of 
amusements and attractiveness. 

Assembly Park is situated on the east shore of Tully 
Lake. Here the Central New York Chautauqua Assembly 



\ 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



holds sessions in August of each year. 
Excursions and picnics come to this 
park during the summer. A large 
auditorium, "Hotel Chautauquan," and 
several Assembly buildings are used for 
the accommodation of guests. 

Two lines of buses, connecting 
Tully Lake and Assembly Parks, run in 
connection with all passenger trains. 
To make it still more convenient for 
those visiting these resorts, a station 
has been erected near Assembly Park, 
where passenger trains take on and dis- 
charge passengers and baggage daily 
during the sessions of the assembly. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp, 

PREBLE, NEW YORK. 

Preble is located on the Tioughnioga River in the center 
of a great butter and cheese producing district. Surround- 
ing the town are many lofty mountains, some i,8oo feet 
above sea level. A number of beautiful lakes, which afford 
excellent fishing, are within easy access of the town. Among 
these are Crooked, Green, Goddell and Little York lakes. 
This section abounds in delightful drives, through some of 
the most beautiful scenery in the state. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



HOMER, NEW YORK. 

Homer was first settled in 1791. It has a population of 
4,000. It is well paved and the shaded streets are lighted by 
electricity. Electric street cars connect with neighboring 
villages. It is the stopping-place for passengers en route for 
Glen Haven, a famous summer resort. With its smooth 
roads, pure water, pure bracing air, it has many attractions. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS. 



MESSENGER VILLE, NEW YORK. 

Messengerville, on Tioughnioga River, a stream in which 
pickerel and black bass abound, is in a narrow valley skirted 
on either side with a chain of diversified forest hills inhabited 
by fox, hare, partridge and other game. This is a congenial 
spot for quietude and sport, the inhabitants possessing the 
desired elements of sociability. A drive for two miles west- 
ward to the hamlet of East Virgil, through the winding 
narrows and by the noted "Hannah's Stump," along a 
small creek which abounds with trout, afford views seldom 
excelled. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



FEATHERS OF FASHION, 

A STORY OF RICHFIELD SPRINGS. 




Copyright, 1900, by Will Bogert Hunter. 

OR more than a century around a hole in the 
ground in the northern part of the state of New 
York have waved feathers of fashion. For the 
first two decades these feathers trembled above 
the painted faces of Indian braves ; during the 
last eighty years they have adorned the fairest of the 
fair of American womanhood. 

Among only a few of the most highly civilized 
nations of the earth is the showy in personal adorn- 
ment left exclusively to the ladies. The peacock struts 
under his rainbow plumage ; the hen walks demurely in a 
dress of brown. The lion shakes his flowing mane ; the 
lioness has only the simple of his dress. The savage sports 
the glories of the spectrum ; the squaw adorns herself incon- 
spicuously. 

Following the law of nature it is reasonable that the first 
feathers of fashion to wave about this hole in the ground in 
northern New York should have surmounted the faces of 
Indian braves. Yet this was not then a place of display. 
Braves were not in wooing humor. They were weak and 
sick from the exposures of the trail or the tortures of battle. 
Among all their tribes was a tradition, handed down from 
generation to generation, that at the headwaters of the Sus- 
quehanna, near the source of the Mohawk but a day's jour- 
ney from a vast inland sea — so located that it was of easy 
access to all the tribes of the east — was a spring that would 
cure them of their ills. 

This was the famous "Medicine Water," flowing down 
the gentle declivity of a tree-covered hill from beneath the 
roots of a gigantic pine — the fountain of life and of health. 
On every hand was the virgin forest in which roamed the 
deer, singly and in herds. Bears wandered about eating of 



FEATHERS OF FASHION. 



the delicious fruit of the woodland. Beavers builded their 
darns across the murmuring streams. Otters were common, 
though now ajmost extinct. Panthers skulked cowardly after 
their prey. The ungainly moose nibbled at the dainty herbs 
and grasses. Elk browsed beneath the trees. Lynx, sable, 
fox, even the black fox, frisked through the aisles of the 
forest. Waterfowl of all description floated on the bosom 
of the lake but a short distance from the spring. The ailing 
Indian brave might exist in laziness while recruiting his 
wasted energies. 

Not all were recruited. Some wasted. Their story is told 
by the mounds of the cemetery which the first whites dis- 
covered on the high ground rising above a little stream that 
meanders as peacefully now as then. Over the skulls of 
unearthed skeletons were found large, flat stones, pierced 
with holes covered with mica. Through these windows the 
fallen warrior gazed into paradise. 

About this mighty tree, from the roots of which flowed 
the waters of healing, waved dancing feathers of many tribes, 
for it was upon the great trails of the continent. Up the 
Mohawk came the warriors of the east en route to Lake 
Ontario, and along the same trail wandered others toward 
the Hudson. Branching to the south was the great Susque- 
hanna Trail, leading to the land of the Dela wares and the val- 
ley of Wyoming. Another trail threaded the forest and the 
rolling hills toward lakes Seneca and Cayuga and Niagara 
beyond. 

War parties gathered there as well as those of peace. A 
hardy producer of apples for more than a hundred years is 
still pointed out as the "Indian Tree," under which the 
braves held their councils. Close beside it is a great mound, 
supposed to cover the remains of a famous chief. 

Just before the dawn of the century the white man began 
pushing from the east — from the waters of the Hudson, 
from the rocky shores and rocky fields of New England — 
up the Mohawk toward the fertile valleys of the west. His 
route was the Indian trail. In quiet yellow pools fed by the 
great spring white faces were reflected. Nor was the 
feather always lacking in this reflection, for the early trap- 
per and hunter among the whites was not loath to follow the 
fashion of the braves of the redskins. 

Twenty years after the birth of the century a physician, 
whose father years before had come over the old Mohawk 



FEATHERS OF FASHION, 







trail from \'^ermont, settled down to a quiet practice in the 
Jittle village which had grown up about this hole in the 
earth. The medicinal qualities of the spring, already noted 
among the redskins, and the basis of traditions of wonder- 
ful cures, quickly attracted 
him. He bought the ground 
about it. He sought its 
source. No spade had hith- 
erto touched this sacred 
ground except that of a party 
of whites who, during the 
days of border warfare, had 
come there to dig sulphur 
for the manufacture of gun- 
powder. 

The giant pine over the 
spring soon stretched its 
length upon the ground. Five 
feet of earth were excavated. 
The spade turned up ripe, 
red plums and green leaves 
that crumbled and blackened 
upon exposure to the air. 
They may have rested there for centuries. The trunk of a 
tree, sound and , perfect, was exposed. An elk horn, its 
largest prong rounded as though from use as a hammer or 
war club, was dug out. Under all was a flat rock, through 
a crevice of which rushed the strongly impregnated waters, 
just as they bubble forth today. 

The first public house here had been opened in 1798. 
In 1808 the Great Western Turnpike was extended from 
Cherry Valley. Travel increased mightily along the Mo- 
hawk Trail and the old Continental Turnpike. There were 
between this spring and the Hudson River, a distance of 
sixty-eight miles, seventy-two inns and taverns, all of which 
were nightly filled. 

In the immediate vicinity of the spring there was but one 
hotel, opened in 1816. 'Twas a small beginning for a water- 
ing-place, but during the first season after the uncovering 
of the medicinal waters this primitive hostelry entertained 
twenty-five guests, all seekers of health. Three years later 
was built another hostelry, forty feet long by thirty feet wide 
and two stories high, an enormous building for that locality. 



RICHFIFI D SPRIN'GS 





FEATHERS OF FASHION. 



CANANDARAGO LAKE, 
RICHFIELD SPRINGS. 



For seventy-four years this hotel entertained its guests. It 
grew to be known to the ends of the earth. Its smoking 
ruins revived for thousands memories of dehghtful days. 

By the third decade the fame of the great springs had 
spread throughout the east. Up to the doors of the hotels 
lumbered the slow-going stage-coach, discharging guests 
from afar. Over the old turnpikes dashed the horses of 
private equipages. Only the rich could afford the long 
journey by stage, or the expensive trip behind their own 
horses. With the sick came relatives. Wives and daughters 
of health-seeking men sought enjoyment, recreation. The 
hotels and nature furnished both. Days might be spent in 
the most enjoyable rambling among the mountains, about 
the lake, in rides to half a dozen charming lakes nestled 
among the hills, to points that already had become historic. 
Indian tales enhanced the interest of the hills and the val- 
leys. There were balls and parties at night. There was 
delightful converse of people of taste and education. 
Charming acquaintances were made that participants wished 
prolonged. Ill health demanded the return of many with 

each recurring summer. So- 



r^?^^- 



I rum " Hardier a Magazine for June, i85y. 



ciety claimed as its own this 
little settlement, as it already 
had done those about like 
springs farther to the east. 
Feathers of fashion waved 
about it. 

In 1830 another great 
hotel went up. Each year 
saw the addition of others, or 
the enlargement of those 
which already had become 
favorites. In 1843 ^^i enor- 
mous hostelry was construct- 
ed. Residents of this little 
settlement found the enter- 
tainment of city folk a pleas- 
ant and lucrative occupation. 
Isolated from the great 
settlements of the east, weary 
miles from the centers of American civilization, reached only 
by the great turnpikes, this little town among the rugged 
hills of northern New York continued to be ruled by society 




. *»W'- -r 



FEATHERS OF FASHION, 







Magazine" for June, 1859. 




of the highest type for half a century, its habitues growing in 
number with each succeeding year. 

Then came a railroad, the only one which ever penetrated 
to this earthly paradise. It tapped the great cities of the 
east it made easy of access the health-giving waters and the 
invigorating air of the hills. Society had not yet shown a 
predilection for the seacoast. The watering-place was the 
vogue. It gave the excuse for journeying ; it furnished the 
gayest society of the conti- 
nent. It was still the extrav- ^*- 
agance of the wealthy and 
refined. Thither went the 
butterflies of society. There 
waved the feather of the latest 
fashion. 

Two years after the rail- 
road entered this quiet settle- 
ment, in 1872, there w^ere 
seven great hotels in a total 
of 210 dwellings. The resi- 
dent population numbered 
only about 800 people, yet 

the number of letters received during that year was 80,000 
and the number mailed 75,000. In a single summer nearly 
400 registered letters came into its postoflfice bearing burdens 
that helped sport the feathers. 

During this year Harriet Beecher Stowe visited this village 
about a hole in the earth. Cherry Valley, of massacre fame, 
had called her into that section. From there she wrote : 
" Cherry Valley today is an innocent, quiet Arca- 
dia, lying within an hour's distance of three of the 
most fashionable watering-places, so that a short ride 
may bring you in sight of all the pomps and vanities 
that one may desire to see. Sharon Springs and 
Richfield now rival Saratoga in attraction and num- 
ber their thousands. I visited Richfield and passed 
a day very pleasantly. It is a village of hotels and 
boarding-houses and it was said 3,000 visitors w^ere 
there summering. Richfield has a high, pure air, 
which is said to be very health-giving ; and it is a fact, 
we are told, that people who once begin to go there 
come back year after year with increasing interest." 
Three thousand feathers of fashion in 1872 ! 



ONE OF RICHFIELD'S 
FIRST HOTELS. 



FEATHERS OF FASHION 



Twenty-five years later Richfield Springs had lost none 
of its glory. Rather had it increased with the years. Its 
hotels had grown in number, in capacity, in taste, in luxury. 
Baths of most modern design had been erected regardless of 
cost. Of the Richfield of 1897 a well-posted writer says : 
" Richfield was primarily ' made ' by the seeker 
after nature's beauties and the seeker after health, 
yet with them came Society, and Society with a capi- 
tal S is by no means to be ignored. For Society, 
which came for pleasure, hotels, which three-quarters 
of a century since were not dreamed of, have been 
built. For this same potent factor in success drives 
have been put through which rival any in the coun- 
try, both in beauty of ever-changing vista and in 
smoothness of road-bed. Parks have been laid out, 
shaded with forest trees, gay with tropical verdure, 
made musical with plashing fountain. For Society 
every possible amusement has been inaugurated ; 
witness the new hunt and golf clubs. Cycling acad- 
emies, to say nothing of the many ' spins ' in every 
direction, cater to Society. Rowing, sailing and fish- 
ing on the water, driving, riding and walking on the 
land, all outdoor sports abound, while indoors one 
may dance or bowl or play billiards, or gossip to 
one's heart's content the livelong day. And yet, 
withal, Richfield is an eminently 'proper' place, and 
a place where one might, if he wished, spend the 
most quiet of lives, make ' dress ' an entirely sec- 
ondary matter, and yet have no end of good times. 
And it is done, too. Here, as elsewhere, there are 
the rich and the poor, the old and the young, the 
grave and the gay, and the sun shines just as brightly 
on one as upon another, and just as many hours in 
the day." 

Richfield today is all that it ever was, and more. As the 
watering-places in other parts of the east have lost their 
exclusiveness Richfield has grown in popularity. Among its 
summer inhabitants it now numbers scores of wealthy people, 
who have erected upon its hillsides magnificent homes in 
which to rest and entertain their friends. Golf links have 
made demands upon neighboring fields. A hunt club follows 
the singing hounds over the open country. Horse shows 
hold forth at the old-fashioned fair grounds. Tallyhos speed 



LACKAWANNA KESO]^TS. 



over the magnificent roads. Victorias, cabriolets, drags, 
traps of all kinds contest the way in the winding highways. 
Orchestras play each evening in the hotels. Wealth and 
elegance dominates, at least in the summer. 
It is the realm of the feather of fashion. 

RICHFIELD SPRINGS, NEW YORK, 

Richfield has an elevation of 1,750 feet above the sea. Its 
altitude and its peculiar location among the high hills of 
northern New York make it a delightfully cool spot even 
when the thermometer is seeking the nineties near the sea- 
shore. About it are clustered points of interest almost 
without number. 

It is the region of Fenimore Cooper. Only a few miles 
below, connecting with Lake Canandarago, which lies at its 
very gates, is Lake Otsego, on the shore of which Cooper 
lived and died and which was the scene of one of his best 
novels. This lake was the " Glimmerglass " of "Deer- 
slayer." Fine roads lead to the head of Lake Otsego, to 
which Richfield is the favorite gateway, a stage-line running 
to the northern shore of the lake to deliver passengers to 
small steamers. The drive from Richfield about this lake is 
one of the most beautiful in the world. 

Lake Canandarago, at the very gate of the town, is as 
charming as its sister to the south. It is skirted by a macad- 
amized road, which daily is thronged with pleasure vehicles. 
Four miles north of 
Otsego is Summit 
Lake, which in or- 
dinary times dis- 
charges indirectly 
into the Susque- 
hanna, but in high 
water runs to- 
ward the Mohawk. 
Mount Otsego, once 
called Rum Hill, 
is 2,800 feet above 
sea level and 1,600 

feet above the surface of Lake Canandarago. Upon its highest 
point is an observatory, from which can be seen the Adiron- 
dacks on the north, the Green Mountains in Vermont, the 
Catskills, and ranges of the Alleghanies to the south. 



HOTEL GROUNDS, 
ICHFIELD SPRINGS. 




LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



AMONG NEW YORK S 
PEACEFUL HILLS. 



Copyright, 1900. 



Near at hand and reached by a fine road is the site of the 
Andrustown settlement, the members of which were massa- 
cred in 1756. Cherry Valley, the scene of another historical 
massacre, is within easy driving distance, the driver passing 
Sharon Springs, once a noted watering-place, en route. Up 
Fly Creek Valley the scenery is charming and points of 
interest are numerous. Sunset Hill, an accessible and much- 
frequented eminence, is situated immediately to the south, 
and commands an extensive and delightful view. From 
Waiontha Mountain, directly to the east, can be seen the 
lands of nine different counties. To the north are Bear and 
Panther mountains. To the northeast the Adirondacks 
plainly are visible. The silver course of the Mohawk may 
be followed for miles. To the east lie 
the Catskills and the highlands of 
Massachusetts. To the south is the 
Susquehanna Valley. Six distinct lakes 
are visible — Otsego, Canandarago, 
Allen's, Young's, Weaver's and Sum- 
mit. 

Near Summit Lake is a deep sink 
called the " Kyle " into which a stream 
flows into a subterranean passage to 
reappear several miles away. At the 
base of the mountain are twin lakes 
called Waiontha. Mohegan Hill presents other delightful 
vistas. Gano's Hill, Canandarago Hill and Wilder's Hill 
yield charming views. Panther Mountain has its outlooks 
and its history. 

The pivots about which everything revolves, of course, 
are the sulphur springs and the bathhouses, in the latter of 
which one can have any kind of treatment known to science. 
There are pulverization, inhalation, douche, vapor and mas- 
sage rooms, Turkish and Russian baths, sun baths, electric 
baths and a large swimming-pool of sulphur water. The 
waters rank among the most powerful in the world and the 
cures which yearly are made are many and wonderful. 
Richfield is up to date in every particular. 
Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

UTICA, NEW YORK, 

The situation of Utica, without exception, is equal to that 
of any other large city in central New York. It is built 




LACKAWANNA PESORTS, 



STARTING HOPS 



^ 


H^ 



upon gently rising ground, the larger portion of 
the residential section being of suitable eleva- toward market. 

tion to command good drainage and pure air. 
Building lots are wide and deep, affording 
ample room for gardens and lawns, giving free 
scope to landscape decoration. This feature 
renders the city very desirable as a place of 
residence, and many who have unburdened 
themselves in part from active business affairs 
are every year making Utica their permanent 
home. There is no need to seek the country 
in summer for fresh air and relief from heat, 
and for those desiring recreation the surround- 
ings of Utica are extremely beautiful. Within a circuit of 
twenty-five miles are fascinating precincts of the Adiron- 
dacks, the wild scenery and purling streams in the Sauquoit 
and Chenango Valleys, peaceful, highly cultivated farms, 
more attractive in this section than in any other part of the 
state. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

CEDARVILLE» NEW YORK. 

Cedarville is at the head of a creek which flows into the 
Mohawk. On Richfield Hill, two miles away, are located 
several natural caves and springs of unusual excellence. 
The surrounding country is very beautiful and affords many 
picturesque drives. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

BRIDGEWATER, NEW YORK, 

At this point, situated at an altitude of 1,184 ^^^^' connec- 
tion is made for stations on the line of connecting roads to 
points further south in the Unadilla Valley, down to its junc- 
tion with the Susquehanna River. 

The Unadilla Valley is famed for the salubrity of its 
climate. Nights are always cool. The broad valley, dotted 
here and there with blooded cattle grazing peacefully, pre- 
sents a scene of extreme beauty. Drouth is never known. 
Grass and foliage always maintain a beautiful green during 
the summer season. The beautiful Unadilla River flows the 
entire length of the valley, winding in and out among osiers 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS, 



and willows with peaceful current. The valley, about 
forty-five miles in length, is an attractive place for summer 
residences. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

EARLVILLE. NEW YORK. 

Earlville is situated at an altitude of nearly 1,200 feet on 
the east branch of the Chenango River, and one and one- 
half miles south of Lake Earlville. With its numerous 
cottages and pleasant drives this pretty village offers unusual 
inducements for summer tourists, especially to those who 
are fond of boating and fishing. Cottages may be rented 
by the day, week or season for a small sum. A *bus meets 
all trains for conveying passengers to hotels, the lake or 
private residences. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

SHERBURNE, NEW YORK. 

Here nature is in her element. Among the attractions 
are Rexford Falls and Mad Brook Ravine, full of romantic 
beauty. The ravine is a mile in length and has a depth of 
120 feet. At its deepest point Rexford Falls dashes over a 
precipice sixty feet high into the chasm below. At the foot 
of the falls is a white sulphur spring, which contains rare 
medicinal qualities. Chenango Lake, eight miles away, is 
a magnificent and transparent sheet of water, where fish 
abound. Sherburne village is unsurpassed for beautiful 
shaded streets, well-kept lawns and palatial residences. 
Hotels are of the very best. Unrivaled scenery waits the 
tourists at Pratt's and Hunt's mountains, also all along 
the many beautiful driveways that go out in all directions, 
extending to all points of interest in the Chenango Valley. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

NORWICH. NEW YORK. 

This is one of the most charming towns in southern New 
York. It is situated in the beautiful Chenango Valley, sur- 
rounded on both sides by hills rising to an altitude of five 
hundred feet and bordered by the Chenango River on one side 
and the Canasawacta Creek on the other, both affording good 
fishing in season. It is distinctly a residence town. Its altitude 



LACKAWANNA RESORTS 



and pure spring water have made it free from all prevailing 
epidemics. Six miles out of town and along a good road 
is Chenango Lake, a romantic sheet of water possessing 
charming scenery and plenty of game fish. At the lake are 
hotels and cottages, accommodating permanent and tran- 
sient guests. The surrounding pine and hemlock woods 
add a charm and benefit that are soon appreciated. The lake 
has already earned a reputation as one of nature's sanita- 
riums. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 

GREENE, NEW YORK. 

Greene is a most beautiful village of twelve hundred 
inhabitants situated at the base of high mountains on the east 
and west and at an altitude of nearly i,ooo feet. The beau- 
tiful Chenango flows quietly through the eastern portion of 
the town. No village in the state of its size offers better 
accommodations to summer guests. 

Directory of Hotels and Boarding Houses, giving rates and complete 
information, will be mailed on application accompanied by 2-cent stamp. 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF 
BEAUTY. 




O WHERE within the bounds of the United 
States can be found a four-hundred-mile 
panorama of greater beauty than that offered 
by the Lackawanna Railroad between New 
York and Buffalo. This one day's journey — 
it may be made with a start after breakfast 
and be concluded before the sun has set 
below the margin of Lake Erie — ever yields 
to the traveler glimpses of nature's grace, meadow, 
hill, mountain, valley, plain, each cut by sweeping 
river or hurrying brook, each guarding picturesque lake or 
gleaming pond. 

Leaving the New York shore the traveler, seated com- 
fortably on the upper deck of a powerful ferry, looks for a 
delightful interval upon the beauties of the Hudson River 
and the great bay into which its waters empty. Stately ships 
bearing the flags of foreign nations, sloops, schooners, tugs, 
luxurious launches, queer windmill-bearing craft that bring 
down ice, ferries of people and of freight, dot the waters as 
far as eye can see up sweeping river and o'er widening bay. 
New York, like a curious jumble of children's blocks, slowly 
slides into the background. Great docks of seagoing ships 
and immense coal chutes of Hoboken occupy the fore- 
ground. The eye is entranced, blood rushes quicker under 
the stimulus of the life-giving breath from the sea, the hand 
trembles to reach out and hold it all. 

Then comes the busy activity of a great railroad terminal, 
the cry of the gatemen, the jingle of baggage checks, the 
hurrying bevy of uniformed trainmen, the scurry of impa- 
tient passengers, and then — rest in the comfortable seat of a 
coach or the luxurious chair of a parlor car or sleeper. 

Three minutes after the monster locomotive gets its hfe 
from the seething boiler comes the first sensation — a dive 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 




into a tunnel hewn through the soHd rock of Bergen Hill, 
for almost a mile, a tunnel so perfectly v^entilated that it 
seems only that night suddenly has fallen. Like a flash 
comes the sunlight again and the locomotive begins its 
rapid journey over the Hackensack meadows, waving with 
long grasses and rushes and dotted with flowers. Snake 
Hill, on its 
crest a prison 
and a poor- 
house, lifts its 
head close to 
the track, the 
only relief in 
the wide 
grassland. 

Paterson 
sweats under 

the lash of an unrelenting commerce in a valley of power, 
in the foothills of the Watchung Mountains. From the 
train, rounding Garrett Mountain high above, may be seen 
the whole city, threaded by beautiful streams that turn thou- 
sands of mill wheels, by shaded streets lined with magnifi- 
cent homes and beehives of industry. 

Sweeping round this rocky point the train glides over 
the high bridge sptinning Passaic River, of which the eye 
gets just a glimpse before rolling lands to the west claim 
attention. 

Now the old Morris canal presents its charms. For 
miles it will be a constant companion, a fascinating one 
with its wealth of beauty, its queer, slow-going craft, its 
moss-grown locks, its memories of days long gone. Boon- 
ton reveals another of its charms, a scene not to be found 
except upon this old waterway within the bounds of the 
United States and not duplicated save for a few spots in the 
world. Here within full view boats ride up and down a 
long hill on cars. 

A word about these old planes — there are many of them 
to be seen from the window as the train pushes on. Locks, 
the ordinary means by which canal boats are transferred 
from one level to another, could not be used in this moun- 
tainous country. The builders resorted to railroads, the 
original type of the now common cable line. They stopped 
the canal near the top of the hill. They began it again at 



NEW YORK 
FROM THE RIVER. 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 



EMERGING FROM 
PARADISE TUNNEL. 



the bottom. At the summit they diverted the water to a 
powerful wheel which winds a heavy cable. Cutting the 
cable they fastened the ends to a mammoth cradle, hinged 
in the center that it might not break on the crest of the hill. 
Into this cradle the canal boat, also hinged at the center, is 
guided. The great wheel turns. The cable drags cradle 
and boat to the top of the hill or retards its descent. Tow 
ropes again are fastened and the canal boat pursues the even 
tenor of its way. 

Miles on either side of Boonton present mountain scen- 
ery of great beauty. The hills, in season, are green or 
gold. A little lake occasionally glistens in the sunlight. 
Creeks and rills tumble down the ravines or flow sluggishly 
o'er the levels. 

Lake Musconetcong, backed by a giant iron furnace and 
another canal plane, shows for a minute near Stanhope. A 
picturesque valley lies off to the right, dotted with little 
farms and fields. The high western range of the Kittatinny 
Mountains is seen in the distance. The foothills frown upon 
the track. Off to the left is the hugh plateau of Schooley's 
Mountain. Frowning across at it is Malvern Hill. Through 
the superb Musconetcong Valley runs the musical river of 
the same musical name. It is followed to Washington 
where Pohatcong Mountain lifts its head. Here, too, we 
sever the delightful companionship of the canal. It is on 
its way southward to the Delaware ; we are rushing north- 
ward to the same stream. 

On through Oxford Valley speeds the train, rounding 
a curve to touch an iron-making center a century old. 
Pequest River shines like silver. Jenny Jump Mountain 
shows its tip in the distance. We dip into another tunnel 

to emerge at Manunka 
Chunk to one of the most 
magnificent views in all 
creation. For miles and 
miles a magnificent valley, 
hill-filled, tree-dotted, 
farm - marked, stretches 
away toward the great Del- 
aware Water Gap, the only 
break in the encircling crest 
of the Kittatinny Moun- 
tains. Through the center 



■'kg 



Copyright, 1900, Detroit Photographic Co. 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 



winds and twists, like a gigantic sea monster, the Delaware 
Ri\er, upon which we look down almost perpendicularly 
from our window-seat. Tree-spanned roads, gleaming white 
in the sunlight, wind through the valley to touch tiny farms. 
On the right a great precipice lifts its tree-crowned crest. 

This charming view is not for a moment, nor from a 
single point. The train skirts the edge of this circular 
valley, on a track 
half way up the 
side of the moun- 
tain range, for 
miles until, look- 
ing straight 
across, may be 
seen the mouth of 
the bore from 
which the loco- 
motive and its 
long chain of cars 
emerged. Back- 
ward the view is, 
if possible, more 
entrancing than 
before. The black 
mouth of the 
tunnel shows close 



DRIVE OVERLOOKING 
DELAWARE RIVER. 




Cop> right, igoo D tr. it Ph iti graphic C 



to the edge of a promontory which frowns down upon the 
valley. Around this point wind the tracks which lead to 
Philadelphia. The train which stood beside ours at Manunka 
Chunk may be seen speeding away toward the southeast. 

Up the right bank of the Delaware hurries our carriage, 
the window commanding imposing views toward the moun- 
tains beyond. An old mill, its great wheel long since run to 
decay, claims its second of thought. Then Delaware River 
moves slowly underneath the long bridge which spans it. 

Now it is on the left, presenting views as entrancing as 
those from the other shore. It is coming down a tortuous 
path between giant walls of a gap in the mountain range. 
Cliffs at the right rise higher, steeper. Down ravines in them 
tumble noisy brooks. On the sides perch rustic cottages. 
Hamlets crouch between the tracks and the hillsides. 
Every curve and turn of the great river is followed by the 
rumbling cars. 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 



HOW CANAL BOATS 
RIDE ON CARS. 




Nearer comes Water Gap. Mount Tammany lifts its 
1, 600 feet of New Jersey soil against the sky. Its ribbed, 
rent, torn side gleams in the light. Mount Minsi slopes 
gracefully back from the river edge. Its green back is a 
perfect foil to the gray of Tammany. Cliffs push the track 
closer to the river. The stream seems to end at the feet of 
the towering mountains. Through 
the gap is seen only the green of the 
highlands. 

We round the base of Mount 
Minsi. Ahead lies the long stretch of 
the river, island-dotted, forest-fringed. 
Across frown the mountains of New 
Jersey. Perpendicularly rise the cliffs 
of Pennsylvania. Our train runs 
over a track hewn from the side of 
a mountain. Every curve reveals 
beauty divine. Ahead is a mighty gorge, a giant basket 
o'erflowing with splendor. To the east, in a massive frame 
of rock, is a picture of blue sky, a horizon line of forest, a 
foreground of river and hills. 

Into the gorge plunges the train. A tiny creek marks the 
edge of Cherry Valley, a cup in the mountains, with Brod- 
head's Creek watering its diminutive farms. Far away rise 
hazy summits of peaks in the Blue Mountains. Across the 
Delaware are rugged hills of the Kittatinnies. A few tumble- 
down houses nestle between the track and the river. ■ 

Singing, dashing Analomink surges beneath a bridge and 
flows beside the track for miles, flashing like silver as it 
assails obstructing bowlders. The track again hugs the 
mountain side. A narrow valley, wild as when nature 
planned it, intervenes between the steep wall of the facing 
range. Higher still we climb. Tree tops sink to the level 
of the car window ; then drop below it. The higher plane 
yields farther views and more sublime. An east-bound train 
puffs white steam away of? to one side, almost at right angles 
to the way we are going. Around the edge of the giant 
basin we circle toward it. Twenty-five miles of this are 
given before one takes as a last look at this lovely valley a 
quick glance at Water Gap, over thirty miles away. 

On climbs the train into the very heart of the Pocono 
Mountains. Away off in a vale a huge summer hotel stands 
beside a brook. Higher up on the steeps is another. Bold 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 



mountains rise one upon another. Long, narrow, deep, 
filled with forest and stream, stretches away Paradise \'alley. 
Along its rim we skim. Through a tunnel in an obtruding 
cliff we plunge to feast again upon its beauties. 

Still upward ! The valleys are shallower, fewer. Elm, 
chestnut, maple have given way to pine and hemlock. 
Skeleton trees, charred, blackened, relics of camp fires, stand 
specter-like amid the green. Peaks no longer show. The 
horizon is broken only by outlines of hills rolling away in 
giant billows. Scanty pines fringe a lake. A monster saw- 
mill hugs the shore of another. The air is cool, bracing, invig- 
orating. This is Pocono Summit, the tip of the mountains. 
Now into the valley of a rushing brook we dip toward 
the Lackawanna. The scenery is wild, picturesque, glorious. 
Little towns, hewn out of the wilderness, show for an instant 
and are left behind. Hills grow in height. Soon they loom 
up again on either side. A great reservoir glimmers like a 
diamond. Its overflow flashes white in the sun. The ravine 
to the left grows deeper. Roaring Brook leaps through the 
narrow pass. A colossal coal washer stretches its great arms 
across the ravine. Monstrous heaps of waste coal loom up. 
A rocky glen opens its gaping mouth to the right and a 
glimpse of a waterfall is caught. A cleft in the hills frames 
a bit of a city — the next curve shows a great valley in which 
cluster thousands of houses. We dash into the very center 
of them. This is Scranton. 

Off we go again, leaving behind the sweeping Lacka- 
wanna, to climb more mountains. We are in the bottom of 
a ravine this time, with towering clift's on either side. W^e 
wind through the rift in the hills following the crazy course of 
a brawling creek. A tannery, surrounded by stripped trunks 
of trees, attracts for an in- 
stant. Long milk sheds 
line the tracks at stations. 
Across a deep pocket in the 
Blue Mountains is a village. 
True as though drawn by 
a compass, the track circles 
to it. This is Horseshoe 
Curve. 

Now the track accom- 
panies Tunkhannock and 
Martin's creeks through 



Copyright, 1900. Detroit Pliotographic Co. 



UP THE RIVER FROM 
WATER GAP. 




FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 



their beautiful valley. A wider stretch of water shows 
itself. On the far side rise massive mountains, threaded by 
trains to Heart Lake and Montrose. We continue sweeping 
through the valley toward the Susquehanna, precipitate 
hills on our right, the superb valley to the left. 

Emerging from the hills we greet the Susquehanna and 
follow it. Now it is upon our own level, now far below. 



PARADISE 
FALLS, 
POCONO 
MOUNTAINS. 




^Copyright, i9oo,^Detroit Photographic Co. 3 

Uplands rise from its farther shore. Islands dot it. To the 
right are the rolling hills of New York, cut evenly by field 
fences. Mile upon mile of this — then Binghamton. 

Still we follow the Susquehanna. Tioga Point rises like 
a sentinel over the two rivers which flow at its base. High 
hills show at the right. From their crest we get on one side 
a view of the river, on the other the rolling farm lands. Into 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY, 



the valley of the Chemung we dip, mountains on one side 
again, a sweeping river on the other. Vistas are longer. 
The opposing wall of the hill-girdled flats rises here a mile 
away, there two or three. White tents glisten occasionally 
by the river's edge. Waving fields show green or gold or 
amber. Ancient orchard trees throw gnarled limbs across 
long avenues. Tobacco lands lay back from the tracks. 




From away in the distance the Chenango winds away toward 
the Chemung, watering another valley. 

Great red buildings surrounded by veterans in the blue 
of the nation, flash into view and out. 

More hills are climbed. The range of vision widens 
constantly. In every direction cluster farmhouses, barns, 
stacks of grain. Pastures are dotted with grazing cattle. 



FOUR HUNDRED MILES OF BEAUTY. 



Villas^es, tow ns, hamlets look like heaps of blocks. A wind- 
ing course in the hills is taken. A break in the uplands 
comes like a flash. Below is the Genesee Valley, a para- 
dise amid high hills. Little farms lay it out geometrically. 
Lines of trees, with a ribbon of gray between, mark the 
highways. Vineyards cover the sunny slopes. Four hun- 
dred feet below are the w^eather-worn roofs of a thriving 
city. This is Dansville. 

It flashes to the rear. The precipitate wall of rock on 
the right shrinks steadily. Mountains away off to the left 
sink lower. The train dips into the valley of the Genesee, 
to follow its course for an hour. 

The back yard of a big city intrudes. Small lots replace 
great fields. Houses cluster close. Heavy drays lumber 
over paved streets. Street cars reach long, thin arms to the 
wire that gives them motion. Giant elevators stand up by 
a sluggish canal. Houses no longer are detached ; they join 
in long lines. A teeming city street shows to the right. To 
the left is caught a glimpse of Lake Erie. 

Uniformed employes greet the disembarking passenger. 
Hackmen beckon. A street car waits. 

The last scene of the four-hundred-mile panorama has 
been shown. 



JUST A THOUSAND WORDS 

ABOUT THE LACKAWANNA 

RAILROAD. 

THE Lackawanna Railroad is the shortest line between 
New York and Buffalo and between New York and 
Chicago via Buffalo. lackawanna's first 

The Lackawanna Railroad is also the shortest route locomotive. 

between Buffalo and Philadelphia, to and from which point built in 1838. 

trains are run in connection 
with the Pennsylvania Rail- 
road. At Manunka Chunk 
Lackawanna trains and 
Pennsylvania trains use the 
same platform, and passen- 
gers to or from Philadelphia 
have only to step from one 
into the other. From the 
territory west and northwest 
of Buffalo the Lackawanna 
in connection with the Penn- 
sylvania Railroad therefore offers also the shortest and most 
direct route to the southeast and the favorite Atlantic Coast 
resorts. The two also offer the shortest and most direct 
route from the Atlantic seacoast by way of Philadelphia to 
the Canadian northwest. 

The Lackawanna Railroad is the shortest and most 
direct route between New York and Scranton, Binghamton, 
Oswego, Syracuse, Utica, Richfield Springs, Elmira, Ithaca, 
Bath, Corning, Dansville and Mount Morris, and offers also 
the best line between New York and the Susquehanna River 
cities south of Scranton to and including Northumberland. 

In connection with the Pennsylvania Railroad it offers 
the most direct route from northern New York points to 
Philadelphia and the south. 




JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 



WISCASSETT GLEN, 
NEAR MOUNT POCONO. 




Copyrig 



FIVE DAILY TRAINS BETWEEN 
NEW YORK AND BUFFALO. 

The Lackawanna Railroad runs between New York and 
Buffalo five magnificent trains in each direction every day in 
the year. A train from New York and another from Buffalo 
makes. the trip, in the summer time, in broad 
daylight, giving magnificent opportunity to 
view some of the grandest scenery in the 
United States. Each evening in the year two 
of its trains leave New York for Buffalo, and 
two leave Buffalo for New York, making the 
journey in the night. One of these two night 
trains in each direction leaves its terminal 
early in the evening. The other makes its 
start about midnight, enabling those who de- 
sire, to spend an evening among friends or at 
the theater in either New York or Buffalo. 
Luxurious sleeping cars are run in these night 
trains. The passenger wakes to find himself 
near his destination. His journey is completed 
about the time business men seek their stores, 
factories or offices. 

THREE DAILY TRAINS BETWEEN 
NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 

The Lackawanna Railroad runs three trains 
between New York and Chicago in each direc- 
tion every day in the year, in connection with 
the Nickel Plate Railroad, trains using the 
most convenient railroad station in the city of 
Chicago, it being located in the very heart of the hotel and 
business district. These trains are equipped with the finest 
coaches, and sleeping-cars fitted with every convenience. 
Time made by these trains is just up to the standard — 
twenty-seven hours. Trains depart from New York and 
Chicago at convenient hours and arrive at these terminals 
either in time to begin the business of the day or to prepare 
for an evening's pleasure. 

MAGNIFICENT AND LUXURIOUS TRAINS. 

Two of the finest trains that money can buy have just 
been placed in service on the day runs between New York 



Jetroit Pli(itog-ra{)li 



JUST A THOUSAND WORDS. 



and Buffalo. These have observation cars, kixurious parlor 
cars, elegant dining-cars and coaches that are as comfort- 
able and commodious as ordinary palace cars. 

DINING-CAR SERVICE. 

Dining-car service of the highest standard hereafter will 
be a feature of the Lackawanna magnificent service. On 
February i, 1900, the company took this branch of its service 
into its own hands, appointing as the head of the department 
Mr. F. B. Smith, one of the most experienced railroad 
caterers in the United States. Magnificent new dining- 
cars— the peers of any in the world — have been placed in 
the service and others are building. Already enough have 
been placed to serve three meals a day upon every train. 
These cars are stocked with the choicest things a great city 
like New York can furnish, while fruits, cream, butter, eggs 
and like produce are supplied fresh every day from the mag- 
nificent farming and dairy country tapped by the road. Pas- 
sengers are not compelled to rise early for breakfast, for that 
meal is served in dining-cars until almost noon. Luncheon is 
served until 4:30 o'clock in the afternoon, at which time it is 
found necessary to close dining-cars to prepare for dinner. 
All meals are served on the a la carte plan, patrons paying 
only for what they order. 

FINEST ROADBED IN AMERICA. 

The roadbed of the Lackawanna Railroad is conceded 
by experts to be the finest in America, bar none. Most of 
it has lain for over half a century and has been constantly 
improved throughout all those years. Its original construc- 
tors, looking far into the future, laid out its way with a view 
to running trains at a rate of seventy-five miles an 
As a result the pas- 
senger does not 
feel a curve in the 
road (although the 
course through the 
mountains necessi- 
tates many ) , and 
the evidence of the 
eye alone tells that 

there are any. The track is so perfectly constructed and so 
persistently watched that the click of wheels so noticeable 



hour. 



CANAL CROSSING 
RIVER 

NEAR DENVILLE. 




HOW CANAI. BOATS 
RIDE ON CARS. 




JVST A THOUSAND WORDS. 

on almost every other railroad, is nut heard during the entire 
journey over it. 

CLEANEST RAILROAD IN AMERICA. 

The Lackawanna Railroad is the cleanest in America. 

It can not help being so. Its track is ballasted with rock. 
It has no dust of its own. What little 
there may be along it must blow in 
from the outside, and as the entire 
length of the line is through fertile 
lields or rocky mountains, there is 
little dust to come in from its sur- 
rounding territory. There is abso- 
lutely no smoke from its locomotives. 
These all burn anthracite coal — the 
company owns the mines from which 
it is taken and it is not in the market 

for soft, smoky coal when it has an unlimited supply of 

anthracite of its own. 

COACHES BUILT FOR COMFORT. 

Lackawanna Railroad coaches have been built for the 
comfort of passengers, according to special designs. Aisles 
are wide. Pintsch gas lights every one. Seats are of the 
most comfortable pattern. Toilet rooms are as roomy as in 
the modern sleeping-car. 

LUXURIOUS PARLOR CARS. 

Lackawanna parlor cars from the shops of the Pullman 
Palace Car Company are run on the through day trains be- 
tween New York and Buffalo and between New York and 
Syracuse and Ithaca. In summer time parlor cars are run 
between New York and Richfield Springs also. 

SLEEPING-CARS OPEN EARLY IN THE EVENING. 

Lackawanna sleeping-cars are placed at the largest cities 
along the line, such as Scranton, Ithaca, Richfield Springs, 
Utica, Binghamton and Syracuse, so that those who desire 
may retire early and hours before the locomotive picks 
them up. These cars, dropped off during the hours of the 
night, may be occupied until late in the morning. A full 
night's rest may be enjoyed, therefore, whatever the destina- 
tion of the passenger in a sleeping-car. 



JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 



INTERESTING STUDIES AT HAND. 
The beauty of the Lackawanna Railroad already has 
been depicted in the preceding pages. The road also gives 
an excellent opportunity for study of one of the oldest canal 
systems in the world, of the monstrous machinery and oper- 
ation of the greatest coal district in the world, of the 
resources and development of an old section of the United 
States replete with historic interest. 

ELECTRIC HEADLIGHTS ON LOCOMOTIVES. 

Lackawanna passenger locomotives have electric head- 
lights, the only ones in use on any railroad of tiie east, 
thereby erecting another bar to any improbable accident. 

CHECKS BAGGAGE TO HOME OR HOTEL. 

The baggage-checking system of the Lackawanna Rail- 
road is such that at all of its commercial centers, on pay- 
ment of a small fee to cover the cost of the special service, 
luggage may be checked to any hotel or home within the 
city of New York or any other of its commercial centers. 
The special delivery lands the baggage at destination prac- 
tically as soon as the passenger. People going to hotels or 
to visit friends and having use for their baggage at once find 
this a great convenience. To those who do not desire to* 
take advantage of the special baggage-delivery service is 
offered the same excellent service that 
is given by all other railroads. 

CAB AND CARRIAGE SERVICE. 

Arrangements have been made with 
the Westcott Company under w^hich 
cabs and carriages are available at 
the New York terminal. The rates 
are reasonable and the service excel- 
lent. Carriages or cabs may be se- 
cured either upon arrival at destina- 
tion or by notice to the conductor, 
excellent cab and carriage service is maintained. 

COMFORT OF THE PASSENGER. 

The up-to-date idea of the management is indicated by 
the fact that it has just placed in its suburban service electric- 
lighted coaches and club cars, seats in which may be reserved 



HOW CANAL BOATS 
RIDE ON CARS. 




In Chicago the same 



JUST A THOUSAND WORDS, 



by daily travelers from its immense suburban territory to 
New York and return. These cars are models of comfort 
and enable a suburbanite to have his own easy chair on 
every journey between his home and his business and to 
surround himself with his particular friends. This same 
thoughtfulness of the comfort of the passenger permeates 
every part of the passenger service. 

DOUBLE TRACK AND ALL SAFETY APPLIANCES^ 

The Lackawanna Railroad is double-tracked every inch 
of the way between New York and Buffalo, and these tracks 
are lined with the most modern equipment for the safety of 
trains. 



COAL DOCKS, 
BUFFALO. 




COST OF AN OUTING. 



FROM 



TO 



Ackerson 

Aldeii 


N.J. 

.. ..N.V. 


Altord ... . 


Pa. 


Ampere 


N.J. 


Apalachin 


N. Y. 


Athenia 

Atlanta 

Augusta 

Avoca 

Avondale 


N.J. 

N.Y. 

N.J. 

N.Y. 

Pa. 


Baldwinsville 


N. Y. 


Bcxsking Ridge 

Bath 

Beach Haven 

Bellevue 


N.J. 

. . . . N. Y. 
Pa. 


Bennett " 


Berkeley Heights 


N.J. 


Berwick . . 


Pa. 


Big Flats 

Binghamton 


N.Y. 


Blodgett's Mills 

Bloomfield 

Bloomsburg 

Boonton . 


.:■.■.:. N^j. 

Pa. 

N.J. 


Branchville Jet. ... 


Briar Creek 


..Pa. 


Brick Church 

Bridgeville 


N.J. 


Bridgewater 

Brisbin . .... 


N.Y. 


Broadwav 

Buffalo 

B. R. & P. Junct 


N.J. 

N.Y. 


Cameron 


Pa. 


Campbells 

Candor 


N.Y. 






Pa. 


Cattatonk 

Cedarville 


N.Y. 


Chadwicks 

Changewater 

Chatham 


.".v. v. N.J. 



New York. 



69 
389 
376 
180 

10 

58 
221 
267 

13 
320 



167 
298 
224 

34 
301 
186 
147 
161 

26 

35 
189 

273 

207 

246 

12 

202 

30 

72 

66 

192 

II 

76 

293 
232 
73 
411 
365 
219 
291 
238 
249 
205 

233 
300 
294 
69 
24 



O^ 



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5.00 
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10.25 

.65 



3-30 



6 70 
11.25 
8.95 
1.40 



7-50 
6.05 
6.50 
1 .10 

1-45 
7.60 
10.65 
8.00 
9.90 

.45 
8.10 
1.25 
3.35 
2.95 
7.70 

.40 
3.20 



8.72 
2.75 



8.65 

9-45 
10 25 
8.10 
9-15 



Buffalo. 



376 
21 
34 
230 
405 
365 
190 
263 
398 
90 
377 
102 
287 
295 
220 

405 
no 
306 
267 
281 
397 
406 

309 
137 
204 
244 
408 
322 
380 
379 
373 
312 
403 
334 
290 
229 
345 



45 
339 
120 
194 
205 
325 
188 
297 
291 
345 
390 



= ^ 
O^ 



7 00 
3 25 
5.00 
6.20 
8.10 
7 00 
8.00 
8.75 
8.50 
7.00 
8.00 



1.02 
7.00 
3.05 
4.70 

5.10 
7.00 

4.55 
7.80 
7.60 
8.00 
8.00 



oib- 



$1.25 



3 20 



370 



3 95 



10 



COST OF AN OUTING. 



FROM 



TO 



Chenango Bridge N. Y. 

Chenango Forks " 

Chester N.J. 

Chinchilla Pa. 

Chulasky " 

Clark's Summit " 

Clayville N. Y. 

Cohocton 

Conklin 

Conklin Centre " 

Convent N. J 

Coopers ^'..^ 

Corning 

Cortland || 

Coventry 

Craigs ... 

Cranberry Lake N.J 

Cresco Pa 

Curtis N. Y 

Dalton Pa 

Danville " 

Dansville N. Y 

Darien " 

Delawanna N.J 

Delaware " 

Denville " 

Depew N. Y 

Dover N. J 

Durvea Pa 

Earlville N. Y 

East Alexander " 

East Bethany " 

East Buffalo " 

East Lancaster " 

East Orange . . N.J 

Easton Pa 

East Winfield N. Y 

Elkwood N.J 

Elmhurst Pa 

Elmira N. Y 

Espy Pa 

Factoryville " 

Fargo N. Y 

Far Hills N.J 

Forty Fort Pa 

Foster " 

Fo.x Hill N.J 

Franklin " 

Fulton N. Y 

Galena " 

Gillette N.J 

Gladstone " 

Glenburn Pa 

Glen Ridge N.J 

Gouldsboro Pa 

Greene N. Y 

Greigsville " 

Groveland " 



New York. 



212 

218 
52 
150 
217 
152 
291 
316 
198 
201 
28 
286 
280 
250 
235 
357 
56 
106 
289 
156 
213 
333 
382 
10 
80 
34 
399 
39 
153 
264 
374 
369 
404 
396 

81 
298 

22 
135 
264 
199 
160 
386 

39 
160 
172 

33 

75 
310 
254 

28 

43 
155 

'3 
124 
226 
354 
341 



$5.00 
5.00 
1.50 
4-50 
5.60 
4.60 
5 00 
6.90 
5.00 
5.00 
•75 
6.35 
625 
5.80 
5.00 
7.30 
1.65 
2-95 
6.40 

4.75 
5-35 
7.00 
7.90 

•35 
2.05 
1. 00 
8.0c 
1. 10 
4.35 
5 00 
7.70 
7-65 
8.00 
8.00 

•25 
2.10 
5^30 

.60 
4.00 
6.10 
5 08 
4.90 
8.00 

1-25 

4-35 

5.00 

.90 

2-35 
6.50 
5.00 

■S5 
1.40 
4.70 

.27 
3^6o 
5.00 
7.20 
7.00 



O l- 

05 e- 



f».25 

8.60 
2 25 
6.15 
8.55 
6.30 



7^85 
7.90 
^•15 



10.90 

10 GO 

8.72 



2-45 
4-45 



6.50 
8.45 



• 45 
340 



Buffalo. 



■35 
3.00 



5.60 
10.45 
8.00 
6.65 

■^'•65' 
6.50 
7-15 
1.40 

3^50 
11.50 

9-35 
I-I5 
1.85 
6-45 
•47 
5.15 
8.72 



209 
215 
379 
260 
260 
258 
287 
94 
214 
209 
386 
124 

131 
246 
232 

53 
363 
305 
122 
254 
333 

77 



O^ 



$5 •IS 
5.35 
8.45 
6.60 
7.00 
6.55 
7^50 
2-53 
5 25 
5.15 
8.00 
3-15 
3-25 
6.25 
585 
1.29 
8.15 
8.00 
3.10 
6.55 
7.00 
2.02 



$3- 



.80 





j^ 





•05 


15 


.20 


403 


8.00 


358 


8.00 


295 


7-75 


391 


8.00 


275 


7.40 


147 


3-30 


319 


7.00 


250 


6.50 


24 


.40 


411 


8 70 


280 


6 80 


2,38 


6.10 


378 


8.00 


382 


8.85 


307 


7.90 


251 


6 40 


399 


8 30 


415 


8.85 


255 


6 55 


408 


8.12 


286 


7.80 


223 


5.60 


5b 


1^39 


70 


1. 81 



1.85 
2.45 



COST OF AN OUTING, 



FROM 



Grove Street 

Hackettstown.. . 

Hallstead 

Harrison 

Haynes 

Heart Lake 

Henry\'ille 

Hick's Ferry 

Highland Avenue. 

Hoboken 

Homer. 

Hopatcong 

Horseheads 

Horton's 

Hubbardsville 

Hunlocks Creek.. 

Huntly 

Ironia 

Ithaca 

Ithaca Junction . . 

Jamesville 

Kanona 

Kenvil. 

Killawog 

Kingsland . . 

Kingsley's 

Kingston 

Lackawanna 

Lafayette 

Lamson's 

Lancaster 

La Plume 

Laurel Grove 

Lehigh 

Leicester 

Lestershire 

Lime Ridge 

Lincoln Park 

Linwood 

Lisle 

Litchfield 

Little Falls 

Little York 

Looneyville . 

Lounsberry 

Lowmanville 

Lyndhurst 

Lyons 

Madison . 

Manunka Chunk. 

Maplewood 

Marathon 

Messenger\ille. . . 

Milburn 

Miller's Mills 

Millington 

Mill St 

Mine Brook 



N.J 

'..Pa 
.N.J 
N. Y 
...Pa, 



.N.J, 

,'n. Y, 

.N.J, 
N. Y, 
.N. J, 
,N. Y, 
...Pa 
.N.J, 



N. Y 



.N.J, 

.N. Y. 
.N. J, 
...Pa. 



N. J 
N. Y 



. .Pa 

.N.J 
..Pa 

N. Y 



...Pa 
.N.J 
N. Y 



.N.J, 

N. Y. 



N.J, 



N. Y. 

■.N.J, 

.N. Y, 
.N.J, 



New York. 



57 
193 
8 
243 
186 
100 
183 

13 



252 
46 

268 
50 

271 

172 
20 

47 
262 
249 
279 
304 

44 
233 
8 
177 
162 
152 

67 
303 
398 
158 

18 
126 
351 
209 
196 

360 

229 

241 

19 

257 

393 

233 

257 

9 

32 

26 

78 

16 

236 

240 

17 

302 

31 
16 

38 






So. 20 
1.65 
5 00 
•^5 
5.00 
5.20 
2-75 
5.00 



5-85 
1.30 
6.10 
1.40 
5.00 
4.70 
•55 
1-35 
6.10 
5.80 
6.06 
6.70 

1-25 

5-35 
• 25 



5-00 
4-35 
4-35 
2.05 
6.40 
8.00 
4.80 

•55 
3^70 
7.10 
5.05 
5.08 

• 75 
7.40 
5-30 
5.70 

•65 
5 95 
8.00 
5-55 
5^90 

•30 
1. 00 

.70 
2.00 

•45 
5 45 
5^55 

■50 
5-40 

•95 

•50 
1.20 



$0.30 
2.45 
7.75 
•25 
8.72 
7.85 
4.20 
7-35 
•50 



10.00 
2.05 
10.45 



6.95 
.80 

2.05 
10.50 
10.00 
10.75 



1-95 
9-35 
•35 
7-30 
6 50 
6.30 
3.10 
11.35 



6.60 

.75 

5^25 


8.10 

7-85 
•95 



9.20 

9.40 
.80 

10.00 



9 00 
10.00 

.40 
1.30 
1. 10 
3^30 

•65 
9^50 
9-65 

.75 



1-25 



Buffalo. 



403 
353 
217 
406 
240 
236 
310 
304 
401 
410 
249 
364 
142 
376 
268 
292 
394 
374 
217 
246 
276 
106 
369 
230 
402 

233 
282 
272 
374 
300 

12 
252 
392 
284 

59 
201 
316 
387 

50 
226 
209 
391 
254 

17 

77 
^53 
401 

403 
388 
332 
398 
233 
237 
396 
299 
402 
394 
411 



6^ 



.00 

.00 

.40 

.00 

• 15 

■05 

8.00 

7.00 

8.00 

8 00 

6.35 

8.00 

3 30 

" 40 

90 

.00 

00 

30 

40 

30 

15 

89 

15 

80 



5- 
8.00 
6.00 
6.80 
6.55 
8.55 
7-75 
•^5 
6.60 
8.00 
7.60 

^•5i 
4.91 
7.00 



65 



COST OF AN OUTING, 



FROM 



TO 



Minetto N. Y 

Monroe N.J 

Montclair " 

Montrose Pa 

Montville N.J 

Morris Plains " 

Morristown " 

Moscow Pa 

Mountain N. J 

Mountain View " 

Mt. Arlington " 

Mt. Morris N. Y 

Mt. Pocono , ... Pa 

Mt. Tabor N.J, 

Murray Hill " 

Nanticoke Pa 

Nay Aug " 

Newark N.J, 

New Hampton " 

New Hartford N. Y, 

New Milford Pa, 

Newton N. J, 

New Village " 

New York N. Y, 

N. Y. C. & St. L. Jet " 

Nichols " 

Nicholson Pa, 

North Brookfield N. Y, 

North Fulton " 

Northumberland Pa 

Norwich N. Y 

Onativia " 

Orange N. J 

Oswego N. Y 

Owego " 

Oxford " 

Oxford Furnace N. J 

Painted Post N. Y 

Paradise Pa 

Paris N. Y 

Passaic N.J 

Paterson " 

Peapack " 

Phillipsburg " 

Pittston Pa 

Plymouth " 

Plymouth Junction " 

Pocono Summit " 

Poolville N. Y 

Portland Pa 

Port Morris N.J 

Port Murray " 

Port Oram " 

Port Washington " 

Portway N. Y 

Preble " 

Ray " 

Richfield Junction " 



New York. 



316 
72 
14 

191 
28 
32 
30 

132 



44 
348 
III 
36 
24 
I6q 
139 

8 
72 
2q8 
187 
63 
73 



236 
167 
2, 

31^ 
225 
248 
272 

12 
324 
227 
240 

71 
283 
109 
284 

12 



154 
165 
164 
114 
267 
83 
47 
64 
41 
68 
328 
259 
379 
288 






$6.50 

2.25 

•30 

540 

.80 

.90 

.80 

3-90 

•35 

.70 

1-25 

7.00 



8.00 
5.6^ 



c a 



$12.00 

3-45 

•50 

8 20 

1 .15 

I 35 

1.25 

5-50 

•55 

.90 

1-95 



4 65 
1.50 
1. 00 
6.80 
5.80 
•25 



7.70 
2.85 
3.00 



Buffalo. 



313 
379 
397 
241 
382 
381 
379 
278 
400 

389 
366 
62 
299 
378 
395 
289 
271 
405 
348 
295 
223 
371 



a^ 




$8.05 
8.75 

6.25 
8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
7-50 
8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
1.60 
8.00 
8.00 
8.15 
7.00 
6.60 
8.00 
8.00 
7.70 
5 6^ 





0.25 


■^ 


6.95 


402 


8.00 


321 


8.10 


i«3 


4.40 


237 


6.00 


339 


8.00 


127 


3.20 


301 


8.00 


281 


7.30 


398 


8.00 


395 


8.00 


413 


8.75 


357 


8.00 




b.,5,S 


285 


6.8,s 


284 


6.80 


296 


8.00 


264 


6.80 


327 


8.00 


363 


8.00 


346 


8.00 


369 


8.00 


342 


8.00 


82 


2.17 


256 


6.55 


31 


•59 


285 


7^i5 



2.90 



COST OF AN OUTING, 



FROM 



TO 



Richfield Springs N. Y. 

Rockaway N. J, 

Roseville Ave " 

Rupert Pa. 

Saiigerfield N. Y. 

Sauquoit 

Savoiia 

Scranton Pa 

Secaucus N. J- 

Sherburne .N. Y 

Shickshinnv Pa 

Short Hills N.J 

South Columbia N. Y 

South Granby " 

South Orange N.J 

Spragueville Pa 

Stanhope N.J 

Stiles N. Y 

Stirling N. J 

Stewartsville 

"oudsburg Pa 

nmna N. J 

""\\'q. '.'.'.'.'.'.. '....f^i 

N. Y 

Pa 



N. \ 
. ,>: ... Pa. 

Unac . . . N. Y. 

Utica .. " 

Vestal \\ 

Wallace 

Washington N. J. 

Washington Mills N. Y. 

Water (;ap Pa. 

Waterloo N. J. 

Waterville N. Y. 

Watsessing . N. J. 

Waverly N. Y, 

Wavland 

West Alden 

West Paterson 

West Pittston 

West Summit 

West Winfield 

White Church 

Whitehall 

Whitney's Point 

Wilscvville " 

Wilkt-sbarre Pa 

Willards N. Y 

Williwaiuia Pa 

Willow Grove " 

Wyoming N.J 

Wvoming Pa 

W' N. Y. & P. Jet N. Y 



New York. 



.N.J 
...Pa 

.N.J 
N. Y 

"n. J 

,N. Y 



310 
39 
9 
203 
279 
293 
295 
145 
04 

259 



306 
3f.S 

•17 
49 
294 
29 
76 
93 
45 
21 

155 
209 
148 
188 
119 
254 
248 
294 
302 
-215 
311 
67 
296 
88 
52 
280 

246 
326 

391 

16 
156 

22 
296 
247 

26 
227 
244 
163 
219 
250 
194 

17 
158 
349 



$5.65 
1.05 

.15 
5.08 
5.00 
5.00 
6.55 
4-35 

.15 
5.00 
4.85 

.55 
5.55 
6.45 

.40 
2.65 
1.40 
6.25 

.90 
2.00 
2.50 
1.30 

.55 
4-35 
6.06 

4-35 
5-30 
3.40 
6.06 

4 95 
5.15 
5.00 

5 25 
6.80 
1.70 
5.00 
2.35 
1.50 
5.00 

•23 
5-75 
7.00 
8.00 

•50 

4 35 
• 65 

5-25 

6.10 

.80 

5 25 
5-95 
4 35 



$10.75 
.60 
25 



5.00 

5.08 

• 50 

4-35 

7 00 



6.00 

.25 
9.70 

7-15 
.80 



[1 .40 

.60 

4 05 



3.00 
3.85 
2.00 
.80 
6.50 
11.00 
6.10 
8.05 

4-95 
10.00 



Buffalo. 



2.85 



3-70 
2.25 



.40 
9.60 



.70 


6.50 


■95 


10.15 


1.05 


9 15 


9 75 


6 50 


8.72 


3 70 


7.80 


.70 


6 50 



307 

375 
404 
323 
276 
290 
115 
265 
406 
256 
298 
395 
303 
302 

399 
313 
361 
291 
400 
353 
317 
372 
393 
275 
206 
268 
238 
291 
251 
162 
291 
299 
i95 
99 
343 
293 
322 

359 
277 
406 
164 
84 
19 
394 
276 

393 
293 
203 
384 
224 
200 
283 
216 
160 
314 
397 



;».io 
8.00 
8.00 
7 00 
7.10 

7-55 
3.00 
6.55 
8.00 
6.55 
7.00 
8.00 
8.00 
7.80 
8.00 
8.00 



7.60 
8.35 
8.00 
8.00 
8.25 
8.00 
6.55 
7.40 

6.55 
6.15 
8.00 
6.70 
6.40 

7 60 
7. 85 
8.40 
2.71 
8.00 
7.70 
8.00 

8 00 
7.20 
8.08 
385 
2.23 

.30 
8.00 
6.60 
8.10 
7.70 
5.10 
8.00 
5.60 
4-85 
6.80 
5-35 

9 75 
7.00 
8.00 
6.65 
1.58 



$3.60 



For rates, time of trains, and all information concerning 
the Lackawanna Railroad, apply to any of the following 
representatives of the company : 

T. W. LEE, General Passenger Agent, 

26 Exchange Place, New York City. 
HOWARD J. BALL, General Eastern Passenger Agent, 

429 Broadway-, New York City. 
GEO. A. CULLEN, General Western Passenger Agent, 

103 Adams Street, Chicago, 111. 
FRED P. FOX, Division Passenger Agent, 

289 Main Street, Buffalo, N. Y. 

M.L.SMITH Division Passenger Agent, Scranton, Pa. 

W. C. BRAYTON Division Passenger Agent, Syracuse, N. Y. 

H. N. BUTTERFIELD, Traveling Passenger Agent, 

103 Adams Street, Chicago. 
GUY ADAMS, Traveling Passenger Agent, 

26 Exchange Place, New York City. 

J. H. McGARRITY City Ticket Agent, Utica, N. Y. 

A. E. KENT, Ticket Agent, Binghamton, N. Y. 

HENRY HILL Ticket Agent, Oswego, N. Y. 

F.S.CLARK, Ticket Agent, Elmira, N. Y. 

J. C. DRAKE City Ticket Agent, Corning, N. Y. 

C. A. PALMER, Ticket Agent, Newark, N. J. 

F. M. BARR Ticket Agent, Patcrson, N. J. 

J. FRED FRACE, Ticket Agent, Wilkesbr-rre, Pa. 

F.W.PHILLIPS, City Ticket Agent, Ithaca, N. Y. 

Or Agents at the following ticket offices of the Company: 
New York : 

429 Broadway, 52 Lafayette Place, 

113 Broadway, 133 West 125th Street, 

95 5th Aveiuie, 674 Columbus Avenue, 

14 Park Place, Barclay Street Ferry Station, 

Christopher Street Ferry Station. 

Brooklyn, N. Y. : 

338 Fulton Street, 726 Fulton Street, 

106 Broadway, E. D. 

Buffalo, N. Y. : 

City Ticket Office, 289 Main Street. 

Philadelphia: 

City Ticket Office, 629 Chestnut Street. 

Chicago, III.: 

City Ticket Office, 103 Adams Street. 



The Lackawanna Railroad, in addition to selling 
reduced rate tickets to all resorts located directly on 
the line of the road, will sell excursion tickets to all 
summer and winter resorts in the United States, Can- 
ada and Mexico at greatly reduced rates. Full infor- 
mation in regard to routes, rates, etc., may be had 
on amplication to any of the company's agents, or to 
T. W. Lee, General Passenger Agent, 26 Exchange 
Place, New York City. 



LBJe 07 






/ 



loeti^i: 



9nv 



\^»i>t^ 



9 ^^-.^^-^ %\H 




DELAWARE WATER GAP ON LACKAWANNA RAILROAD. 
FROM PHOTO- COPYRIGHT, 1900, DETROIT PHOTOGRAPHIC CO. 



!%' 



